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Motion-Based Detection of Lanthanides(III) Using Self-Propelled Droplets.

Takahiko Ban1, Michiaki Sugiyama1, Yuichiro Nagatsu2

  • 1Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science , Osaka University , Machikaneyamacho 1-3 , Toyonaka City , Osaka 560-8531 , Japan.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|October 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Self-propelled oil droplets navigate chemical gradients, detecting lanthanide(III) ions like Dy3+ and Tm3+. This motion-based sensing reveals a unique tetrad effect in lanthanide chemotaxis, explained by the Jørgensen-Kawabe equation.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical engineering
  • Materials science
  • Analytical chemistry

Background:

  • Self-propelled chemical objects offer controllable transport for various applications.
  • Chemotaxis, or directed movement in response to chemical stimuli, is crucial for understanding micro-object behavior.
  • Lanthanide(III) ions are important in various fields, but their detection can be challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the chemotaxis of oil droplets towards lanthanide(III) ions.
  • To identify specific lanthanide(III) ions that act as effective chemoattractants.
  • To analyze the pattern of chemotaxis across the lanthanide series and explain observed phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing self-propelled oil droplets loaded with surfactants.
  • Exposing droplets to spatial gradients of various lanthanide(III) ions.
  • Quantifying droplet movement and chemotactic response using a chemotactic index.
  • Applying the Jørgensen-Kawabe equation to model the observed chemotaxis patterns.

Main Results:

  • Dysprosium(III) (Dy3+) and Thulium(III) (Tm3+) ions were identified as potent chemoattractants.
  • A distinct convex tetrad effect was observed in the chemotactic index across the lanthanide series.
  • A breakpoint in the chemotactic response was noted at Gadolinium(III) (Gd3+).
  • The Jørgensen-Kawabe equation successfully quantitatively described the observed tetrad effect.

Conclusions:

  • Self-propelled oil droplets can function as a motion-based sensing system for lanthanide(III) detection.
  • The study elucidates a novel chemotactic behavior of lanthanides, characterized by a tetrad effect.
  • This research provides a new method for detecting and differentiating lanthanide ions based on droplet movement.