Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Entropy02:39

Entropy

36.1K
Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
36.1K
Entropy01:18

Entropy

3.6K
The first law of thermodynamics is quantitatively formulated via an equation relating the internal energy of a system, the heat exchanged by it, and the work done on it. A quantitative formulation of the second law of thermodynamics leads to defining a state function, the entropy.
When an ideal gas expands isothermally, the disorder in the gas increases. From the molecular perspective, the gas molecules have more volume to move around in.
Consider an infinitesimal step in the expansion, which...
3.6K
Standard Entropy Change for a Reaction03:00

Standard Entropy Change for a Reaction

24.6K
Entropy is a state function, so the standard entropy change for a chemical reaction (ΔS°rxn) can be calculated from the difference in standard entropy between the products and the reactants.
24.6K
Generalized Hooke's Law01:22

Generalized Hooke's Law

2.7K
The generalized Hooke's Law is a broadened version of Hooke's Law, which extends to all types of stress and in every direction. Consider an isotropic material shaped into a cube subjected to multiaxial loading. In this scenario, normal stresses are exerted along the three coordinate axes. As a result of these stresses, the cubic shape deforms into a rectangular parallelepiped. Despite this deformation, the new shape maintains equal sides, and there is a normal strain in the direction of the...
2.7K
Generalized Anxiety Disorder01:30

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

707
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
707
Entropy and Solvation02:05

Entropy and Solvation

8.4K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
8.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Edge Reconstruction in a Quantum Spin Hall Insulator.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Friedel Oscillations in Nanoconfined ^{4}He.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Combining harmonic sampling with the worm algorithm to improve the efficiency of path integral Monte Carlo.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Accurate helium-benzene potential: From CCSD(T) to Gaussian process regression.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Renormalization Group Flow at a Quantum Phase Transition.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Group-equivariant autoencoder for identifying spontaneously broken symmetries.

Physical review. E·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Molecular Entanglement and Electrospinnability of Biopolymers
07:59

Molecular Entanglement and Electrospinnability of Biopolymers

Published on: September 3, 2014

15.1K

Rényi Generalization of the Accessible Entanglement Entropy.

Hatem Barghathi1, C M Herdman2, Adrian Del Maestro1,3

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|October 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

We developed a new measure for quantum entanglement in systems with conserved particle numbers. This new measure shows a logarithmically violated area law scaling for free fermions, aiding experimental and computational analysis.

More Related Videos

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

9.0K
Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities
08:08

Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities

Published on: May 10, 2017

15.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Molecular Entanglement and Electrospinnability of Biopolymers
07:59

Molecular Entanglement and Electrospinnability of Biopolymers

Published on: September 3, 2014

15.1K
A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

9.0K
Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities
08:08

Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities

Published on: May 10, 2017

15.2K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Theory
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Entanglement in bipartite systems with indistinguishable particles is limited by particle number conservation.
  • Previous work introduced an operational measure of von Neumann entanglement entropy to quantify this limitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive a generalized, computationally and experimentally measurable quantity for operationally accessible entanglement.
  • To investigate the scaling of this new measure with system size in free fermion systems.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of a generalized measure of operationally accessible entanglement.
  • Application of the Widom theorem to analyze scaling behavior.
  • Utilizing a modified correlation matrix method for verification.

Main Results:

  • The derived measure is both computationally and experimentally accessible.
  • A logarithmically violated area law scaling was found for free fermions.
  • The scaling exhibits a double-log leading-order correction, consistent with spatial entanglement entropy.

Conclusions:

  • The new entanglement measure provides a practical tool for studying quantum systems with conservation laws.
  • The findings confirm a specific type of entanglement scaling in free fermion systems.
  • The results are validated in large systems up to 10^5 particles.