Factors That Affect Chinese Parents' Willingness to Donate Children's Biospecimens in Pediatric Research

To examine the factors that may influence Chinese parent's willingness to donate their children's biospecimens for use in pediatric research. Parents or caregivers of the patients in the neurosurgery ward, oncological surgery ward, and internal medical wards at Shanghai Children's Medical Center were recruited during the period of March 1, 2016 to July 8, 2018. The questionnaire included the willingness to provide consent for donating their children's clinical biospecimens, their attitudes toward and motivations for donating their children's clinical biospecimens, opinions of contributing specimens, and an ethical consideration for their children's future willingness to donate biospecimens. Participants' demographic data and children's basic information were collected. The majority of the participants agreed to donate the patients' biospecimens for research. Parents with pronounced religious beliefs, less education, who had only one child, child with a more severe disease, and living in an urban district were associated with negative attitudes toward biospecimen donation, but none of other parents' sociodemographic characteristics and some of the children's basic characteristics disclosed significant differences in donation attitudes. In five different types of biospecimens, parents were more reluctant to donate specific blood biospecimens. Physical pain and privacy protection were of most concern to parents when it came to donating their child's biospecimens. It was widely believed in parents that reconsent would be necessary for the 18-year-old adolescent. Our findings explored the factors that were of greatest worry to parents related to parents' willingness to donate their child's biospecimens in China. We recommend greater patient explanation to enhance the participant's engagement in the biospecimen donation, and the adolescent's attitude toward biospecimen donation needs further consideration.