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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Aging01:26

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Preparation of Pooled Human Platelet Lysate pHPL as an Efficient Supplement for Animal Serum-Free Human Stem Cell Cultures
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Can mesenchymal stem cell lysate reverse aging?

Ming-Fen Hsu1, Szu-Hsien Yu1, Sheng-Ju Chuang1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.

Aging
|October 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) lysate treatments showed potential for anti-aging but shortened lifespan and caused cachexia-like effects in rats. Further research is needed to understand these adverse outcomes for longevity interventions.

Keywords:
bone lossglucoselifespanlipopenialongevityosteopeniaparacrine effect

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Biomedical Research

Background:

  • Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) lysate has shown promise for weight loss and improved glucose tolerance.
  • Concerns exist regarding potential adverse effects of MSC lysate, particularly lipopenia and weight loss in aging populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term effects of human adipose-derived MSC lysate on longevity, activity, and body composition in rats.
  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of MSC lysate as a potential anti-aging intervention.

Main Methods:

  • A 3-year lifelong experiment involving 92 rats randomized into vehicle-injected and MSC lysate-injected groups.
  • Intermittent treatment with human adipose-derived MSC lysate administered from 12 months of age until natural death.
  • Assessment of longevity, spontaneous locomotor activity, and body composition.

Main Results:

  • MSC lysate treatment resulted in a shortened average lifespan compared to controls.
  • Rats receiving MSC lysate exhibited increased inactive time and greater bone loss.
  • A relative increase in lean mass was observed in the MSC lysate group, alongside fat loss.

Conclusions:

  • MSC lysate treatments may stimulate tissue development disparities, leading to a cachexia-like effect.
  • These effects appear to decrease longevity, suggesting caution for its use as an anti-aging intervention.