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Brain connectome reorganization across the lifespan in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

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A Protocol for the Use of Remotely-Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS in Multiple Sclerosis MS
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Functional Connectivity in Multiple Sclerosis: Recent Findings and Future Directions.

Marlene Tahedl1,2, Seth M Levine1, Mark W Greenlee2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.

Frontiers in Neurology
|October 27, 2018
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Summary

Network analyses of functional connectivity reveal altered brain networks in multiple sclerosis. These findings can help develop personalized imaging biomarkers for tracking disease progression and symptoms.

Keywords:
fMRIfunctional connectivitymultiple sclerosisneuroimaging biomarkerresting state

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disorder characterized by widespread lesions, complicating biomarker development due to high inter-patient variability.
  • The heterogeneous lesion distribution in MS necessitates novel analytical approaches to correlate imaging findings with clinical presentation and disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of network analyses, specifically functional connectivity, in understanding the impact of multiple sclerosis on brain organization.
  • To identify common network alterations observed in MS patients using functional connectivity measures.
  • To propose the integration of functional connectivity analyses into longitudinal studies for improved MS biomarker development.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction to functional connectivity measures and their computation.
  • Review of studies employing network analysis in multiple sclerosis research.
  • Identification of consistent patterns of altered brain connectivity in MS.

Main Results:

  • Altered functional connectivity is frequently observed in deep-gray matter regions in MS patients.
  • A decrease in brain modularity is a common finding in multiple sclerosis.
  • Hemispheric asymmetries in connectivity alterations are prevalent in MS.
  • Task-related and task-unrelated brain networks show correlations with behavioral symptoms in MS.

Conclusions:

  • Functional connectivity network analysis provides valuable insights into the neural mechanisms underlying multiple sclerosis.
  • Consistent network alterations in MS suggest potential for developing objective, imaging-based biomarkers.
  • Longitudinal studies incorporating functional connectivity analyses are crucial for advancing personalized medicine in multiple sclerosis.