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Related Experiment Videos

The candidate caliciviruses.

W D Cubitt

    Ciba Foundation Symposium
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Caliciviruses, small RNA viruses, cause gut infections and diarrhea in humans and animals. Research highlights their structure, replication, and role in disease outbreaks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Caliciviridae are small (35-40 nm) RNA viruses characterized by a cupped morphology.
    • They possess a single major structural polypeptide (Mr 60,000-71,000).
    • Caliciviruses have been detected in various hosts, including humans, animals, and insects, associated with diarrheal diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the characteristics and role of Caliciviridae in diarrheal diseases across different species.
    • To understand the replication mechanisms and structural components of these viruses.
    • To explore diagnostic methods for caliciviruses.

    Main Methods:

    • Electron microscopy was used to identify viral particles in faeces.
    • In vivo experiments assessed species specificity and replication in the gut.

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  • Biochemical characterization involved fluorescence and radiolabelling experiments.
  • Diagnosis utilized electron microscopy, fluorescence labelling, and radioimmunoassays for human strains.

    • Main Results:

    • Caliciviruses were identified in faeces of humans, domestic animals, birds, reptiles, and insects.
    • In vivo studies confirmed gut replication, leading to diarrhea and failure to thrive.
    • Human, canine, and chicken viruses replicate in the cytoplasm with an RNA genome.
    • A major structural polypeptide was identified in human, canine, and insect viruses.

    Conclusions:

    • Caliciviruses are significant agents of diarrheal disease in a wide range of hosts.
    • Human caliciviruses are increasingly recognized as common causes of gastroenteritis outbreaks.
    • Further research is needed due to challenges in in vitro cultivation and limited epidemiological data.