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Enteric adenoviruses.

G Wadell, A Allard, M Johansson

    Ciba Foundation Symposium
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Human adenoviruses (Ad40 and Ad41) cause prolonged diarrhea in children. Despite replication challenges, these enteric adenoviruses can be detected in stool samples using various diagnostic methods.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Human adenoviruses are classified into six subgenera (A-F), with subgenus F serotypes Ad40 and Ad41 specifically linked to enteric infections in children.
    • Unlike most human adenoviruses, Ad40 and Ad41 exhibit distinct tropisms and are difficult to culture in standard cell lines, though they replicate in 293 cells.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the characteristics and diagnostic approaches for enteric adenoviruses Ad40 and Ad41.
    • To compare the clinical presentation of diarrhea caused by Ad40 and Ad41 with other causes like rotavirus.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), solid-phase immuno-electron microscopy, DNA restriction, and dot-blot analysis for direct identification of Ad40 and Ad41 in stool samples.
    • Clinical data from children with diarrhea were collected and analyzed to compare symptoms and duration between adenovirus and rotavirus infections.

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    Main Results:

    • Ad40 and Ad41 are associated with 7-17% of childhood diarrhea cases, occurring year-round.
    • Diarrhea caused by Ad40 and Ad41 is characterized by watery stools, vomiting, moderate fever, infrequent respiratory symptoms, and prolonged duration (mean 8.6-12.2 days).
    • Children with rotavirus diarrhea exhibited more frequent vomiting, higher temperatures, and shorter illness duration compared to those with adenovirus-induced diarrhea.

    Conclusions:

    • Enteric adenoviruses Ad40 and Ad41 are significant contributors to childhood diarrhea, presenting with prolonged symptoms.
    • Despite in vitro replication challenges, sensitive diagnostic methods allow for their identification in clinical samples.
    • Further research is needed to determine the global impact of enteric adenoviruses on childhood diarrhea etiology.