Factors that influence the redox state in children: An exploratory study

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Nutrition
• Biochemistry
• Public Health

Background:

• Oxidative stress, indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity (HAC) are crucial in children's health.
• Understanding factors influencing redox balance is vital for preventing chronic diseases later in life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate associations between redox state markers (MDA, HAC) and various factors in children aged 20-36 months.
• To explore relationships with dietary, anthropometric, demographic, socio-economic, and clinical variables, including serum vitamin levels.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional study involving 100 children aged 20-36 months.
• Data collection included anthropometry, Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for dietary intake, socio-demographic information, clinical data, and serum vitamin concentrations.
• Serum redox status was assessed via malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity (HAC).

Main Results:

• Higher HAC was observed in children with family income above minimum wage and adequate BMI.
• Increased MDA levels were noted in children older than 24 months.
• Breastfeeding up to 120 days correlated with greater antioxidant capacity; higher fruit/vegetable intake was linked to lower MDA.
• A positive correlation was found between MDA and serum vitamin A levels.

Conclusions:

• Family income, breastfeeding, BMI, and fruit/vegetable intake significantly influence redox state imbalance in young children.
• Health professionals should educate families on these factors to promote antioxidant balance and potentially prevent adult diseases.