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Viral detection profile in children with severe acute respiratory infection

Luciana Nascimento Pinto Canela1, Maria Clara de Magalhães-Barbosa2, Carlos Eduardo Raymundo2

  • 1Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
|October 27, 2018
PubMed

Insights

In children with severe acute respiratory infection, influenza A(H1N1) was detected in 38% of cases. Viral co-detection occurred in 22.4% but did not impact clinical severity or outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Intensive Care
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in children can be caused by various viruses.
  • The role of viral co-detection in pediatric SARI, particularly during influenza pandemics, requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the viral detection profile in children with SARI admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).
  • To investigate the association between viral co-detection and clinical characteristics in these children during the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal observational retrospective study was conducted.
  • Respiratory samples and clinical data were analyzed from 71 children (0-18 years) admitted to 11 PICUs in Rio de Janeiro with suspected H1N1 infection between June and November 2009.

Main Results:

  • Influenza A(H1N1) was detected in 38% of samples.
  • Other common viruses included rhinovirus/enterovirus (41.4%), respiratory syncytial virus (12.1%), and human metapneumovirus (12.1%).
  • Viral co-detection was observed in 22.4% of cases, but no significant differences in clinical severity or outcomes (e.g., mechanical ventilation, mortality) were found between mono-detection and co-detection groups.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple viruses, including influenza A(H1N1), are implicated in pediatric SARI.
  • The clinical significance of viral co-detection in pediatric SARI remains to be fully elucidated.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildCo-detectionPandemic H1N1 InfluenzaPediatric intensive care unitSevere acute respiratory infection (SARI)

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