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Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment

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Breast tuberculosis cases rising in Sicily.

Angela Strazzanti¹, Claudio Trovato¹, Santi Gangi¹

¹Departement of General Surgery, Senology University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy.

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports

|October 27, 2018

Summary

Mammary tuberculosis (TM) is a rare breast condition, particularly in non-endemic regions. Early diagnosis is crucial, especially in patients with HIV, to differentiate it from breast cancer.

Keywords:

Case reports Extra-pulmonary localization Fine nipple aspiration Granulomatous mastitis Scrofola Tuberculosis

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Infectious Diseases
Radiology

Background:

Mammary tuberculosis (TM) is a rare breast condition, accounting for 0.1% of histological breast lesions.
Incidence is higher (3-4%) in endemic regions like India and Africa.
TM poses diagnostic challenges in radiological and microbiological investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the diagnostic challenges of mammary tuberculosis.
To emphasize the importance of considering TM in the differential diagnosis of breast masses.
To underscore the need for increased awareness in regions with immigrant populations.

Main Methods:

Case report of a 26-year-old Eritrean female with HIV presenting with a large breast mass.
Clinical examination revealed a 12x10 cm tender right breast mass.
Fine needle aspiration (FNA) of the mass yielded milky and greenish fluid.

Main Results:

The patient presented with generalized lymphadenopathy and weakness.
The breast mass was large, tender, and involved the entire right breast.
FNA fluid characteristics were noted.

Conclusions:

The differential diagnosis between breast cancer and mammary tuberculosis is critical.
Increased immigration necessitates reconsidering tuberculosis in differential diagnoses, particularly in regions like Sicily.
Physicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for TM in relevant patient populations.