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Optimizing land management strategies for maximum improvements in lake dissolved oxygen concentrations
J Crossman1, M N Futter2, J A Elliott3
1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Windsor, Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada.
The Science of the Total Environment
|October 27, 2018
Summary
Reducing nutrient loads improves dissolved oxygen in lakes, but strategies reducing water flow can cause warming, hindering restoration. Coordinated management considering interactions and climate change is crucial for effective lake recovery.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Limnology
- Water Quality Management
Background:
- Eutrophication and anoxia remain significant challenges in large waterbodies globally.
- Inconsistent management success necessitates identifying reliable water quality improvement approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the effectiveness of terrestrial nutrient control measures on in-lake water quality parameters (nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen) in Lake Simcoe, Canada.
- To evaluate the impact of different nutrient management strategies and their interactions on lake restoration.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a process-based model chain, coupling catchment models (INCA-N, INCA-P) with a lake model (PROTECH).
- Simulated hydrochemical outputs from 2010-2016 to assess five terrestrial nutrient control strategies across three lake basins.
- Analyzed the influence of nutrient load reductions, tributary inflow changes, water temperature, and chemistry on water quality.
Main Results:
- Nutrient load reductions significantly increased dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations.
- Strategies reducing tributary inflow showed greater impact on lake restoration, linked to altered water temperature and chemistry.
- Simultaneous implementation of multiple strategies led to flow reductions, water column warming, and overwhelmed positive effects of nutrient reduction on DO.
Conclusions:
- Coordinated management is essential, considering strategy interactions and potential climate change impacts (warming).
- Flow and temperature changes significantly influence lake recovery rates and restoration effectiveness.
- Effective lake restoration requires a holistic approach that accounts for physical and biological feedbacks under a changing climate.
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