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Related Concept Videos

Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

3.1K
Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
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Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

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Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
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Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

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It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
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Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

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Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
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Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

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When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
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Author Spotlight: Imaging Pericytes Post-Subarachnoid Hemorrhaging in Rodents
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Pericyte Plasticity in the Brain.

Gabryella S P Santos1, Luiz A V Magno2, Marco A Romano-Silva2

  • 1Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.

Neuroscience Bulletin
|October 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cerebral pericytes, crucial for blood vessel stability, demonstrate remarkable plasticity in the adult brain. Following cell loss, nearby pericytes adapt to maintain vascular integrity, revealing new insights into brain repair mechanisms.

Keywords:
Blood vesselBrainPericytesPlasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Vascular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cerebral pericytes are essential perivascular cells that stabilize brain blood vessels.
  • The plasticity of pericytes in the adult brain in vivo remains largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the plasticity and functional role of cerebral pericytes in vascular remodeling within the adult brain.
  • To understand how pericytes respond to injury or cell loss in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized advanced two-photon microscopy for in vivo imaging.
  • Employed sophisticated Cre/loxP in vivo tracing techniques for cell-specific studies.
  • Performed pericyte ablation to observe cellular responses.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that pericytes exhibit significant plasticity in the adult brain.
  • Observed that following pericyte ablation, neighboring pericytes dynamically expand their cellular processes.
  • Showcased the ability of these expanding pericytes to effectively prevent vascular dilatation and maintain vessel stability.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebral pericytes possess a notable capacity for plasticity in the adult brain.
  • Pericyte plasticity plays a critical role in vascular remodeling and maintaining blood vessel integrity after injury.
  • These findings offer novel insights into the dynamic behavior of pericytes and their contribution to brain homeostasis.