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Citronellal prevents endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in rats
Jun-X Lu1, Chao Guo2, Wen-S Ou3
1Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
|October 28, 2018
Summary
Citronellal (CT) aromatherapy reduced atherosclerotic plaque size in rats by improving endothelial function and reducing oxidative stress. This suggests CT may be a potential treatment for atherosclerosis.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Pharmacology
- Natural Product Chemistry
Background:
- Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory arterial disease linked to oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction.
- Aromatherapy utilizes essential oils for therapeutic benefits.
- Citronellal (CT), a plant-derived monoterpene, exhibits antithrombotic, antiplatelet, and antihypertensive properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the efficacy of citronellal (CT) aromatherapy in improving endothelial function and preventing atherosclerotic plaque formation in vivo.
Main Methods:
- An atherosclerosis (AS) rat model was established using balloon injury and vitamin D3 injection on a high-fat diet.
- Atherosclerotic plaque size was quantified via ultrasound and histological staining (Oil Red O, H&E).
- Endothelial function was assessed by measuring acetylcholine-induced vasodilation.
Main Results:
- CT administration (50-150 mg/kg) and lovastatin significantly reduced carotid atherosclerotic plaque size dose-dependently.
- CT improved endothelial dysfunction, enhanced cell migration, and suppressed oxidative stress and inflammation.
- CT downregulated sodium-hydrogen exchanger 1 protein levels in atherosclerotic rats.
Conclusions:
- Citronellal (CT) effectively improves endothelial dysfunction and inhibits atherosclerosis progression in rats by mitigating oxidative stress.
- CT demonstrates potential as a therapeutic agent for treating human atherosclerosis.
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