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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass Residues in a Twin-screw Mixing Reactor
Published on: September 9, 2016
Biomass microspheres - A new method for characterization of biomass pyrolysis and shrinkage
Ali Zolghadr1, Matthew D Kelley1, Ghazal Sokhansefat2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA.
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing biomass microspheres is introduced. Biomass microspheres between 100 and 400 µm in diameter were produced from crystalline cellulose, switchgrass, and tall fescue using spray drying. The biomass microspheres were characterized using X-ray computed tomography (XCT), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and real-time optical imaging: density, pore structure, and size effects were studied. Dynamic shrinkage was video-captured using a CMOS camera and parallel (paired, side-by-side) weight loss experiments were performed using TGA. The combined data was used to correlate the extent of pyrolysis to gross morphological change (shrinkage). The results show that manufactured biomass microspheres are uniform and that, in the absence of heat and mass transport limitations, pyrolysis shrinkage is an intrinsic property dependent only upon the final processing temperatures.
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