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Mitochondrial impairment following neonatal overfeeding: A comparison between normal and ischemic-reperfused hearts

Cristiane de Moura Freitas1, Luciana Caroline Paulino do Nascimento1, Glauber Rudá Feitoza Braz2

  • 1Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
|October 29, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal overfeeding severely impacts cardiac mitochondria, causing impairments similar to ischemia-reperfusion injury. This early-life nutritional insult increases long-term cardiovascular disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Mitochondrial Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Overweight and obesity are linked to cardiovascular diseases, with mitochondria playing a key role in cardiac metabolism.
  • Obesity can originate in early postnatal life, suggesting critical developmental periods for metabolic programming.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant factor in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of neonatal overfeeding on cardiac mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative balance in rats.
  • To assess the impact of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) insult on overfed rats.
  • To compare the detrimental effects of neonatal overfeeding and I/R insult on cardiac mitochondria.

Main Methods:

  • Wistar rat litters were divided into control and overfed groups during lactation.
  • Male offspring were fed standard chow ad libitum until sacrifice at 30 and 60 days.
  • Cardiac mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative balance were evaluated, with some animals subjected to I/R insult.

Main Results:

  • Neonatal overfeeding significantly affected cardiac mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative balance at both ages.
  • Overfed rats showed resilience to additional I/R insult, suggesting prior mitochondrial deregulation.
  • Overfeeding disengaged electrical mitochondrial coupling and potentiated oxidative stress, mimicking I/R effects.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal overfeeding deregulates cardiac mitochondria, comparable in detrimental effect to ischemia-reperfusion insult.
  • Early-life nutritional insults program mitochondria for impairments, increasing cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Neonatal overfeeding exacerbates oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction throughout life.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseaseischemia-reperfusionmitochondriaoverfeedingoxidative stress

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