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Related Concept Videos

Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Inductance: Solid Cylindrical Conductor01:24

Inductance: Solid Cylindrical Conductor

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To calculate the inductance of a solid cylindrical conductor, consider a 1-meter section of a non-magnetic, current-carrying conductor with radius r. Disregarding end effects and assuming uniform current density, Ampere's law helps determine the magnetic field inside the conductor. This law states that the magnetic field intensity H is concentric and constant within the conductor.
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor03:08

Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor

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Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
The colligative properties of a solution depend only on the number, not on the identity, of solute species dissolved. The concentration terms in the equations for various colligative properties (freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure) pertain to all solute species present in the solution. Nonelectrolytes dissolve physically without dissociation or any other accompanying process. Each molecule that dissolves yields one...
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Borohydride-Scaffolded Li/Na/Mg Fast Ionic Conductors for Promising Solid-State Electrolytes.

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Borohydride solid-state electrolytes show high ionic conductivity for energy storage. Research focuses on improving their performance and addressing limitations for practical solid-state battery applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Borohydride solid-state electrolytes exhibit high ionic conductivity (up to ~70 mS cm⁻¹), positioning them as promising materials for energy storage.
  • These electrolytes are crucial for developing advanced solid-state batteries due to their superionic conductive properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest advancements in borohydride solid-state electrolytes.
  • To discuss their ionic conductivity, limitations, and strategies for practical solid-state battery applications.
  • To explore their compatibility with various electrode materials and interface behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of state-of-the-art developments in borohydride solid-state electrolytes.
  • Analysis of ionic conductivity, conductive kinetics, and thermodynamics.
  • Survey of compatibility with diverse electrode materials (oxides, sulfur, MgH₂, TiS₂, Li₄Ti₅O₁₂).

Main Results:

  • Borohydride electrolytes demonstrate competitive ionic conductivity, with potential for further enhancement through material engineering.
  • Compatibility with various electrode materials and cathode interfaces has been investigated for solid-state battery applications.
  • Strategies for optimizing performance and addressing limitations are presented.

Conclusions:

  • Borohydride solid-state electrolytes are advancing rapidly, offering high performance for solid-state batteries.
  • Further research into material design, interface stability, and device optimization is needed for widespread adoption.
  • These electrolytes hold significant promise for future energy storage technologies.