Blockade of receptor-mediated cyclic GMP formation by hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid

Receptor-mediated cyclic GMP formation in N1E-115 murine neuroblastoma cells appears to involve oxidative metabolism of arachidonic acid. Evidence in support of this includes the blockade of this response by lipoxygenase inhibitors, e.g., eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA) or other metabolic perturbants, e.g., methylene blue. It was recently discovered that the lipoxygenase products 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic (15-HETE) acid and 12-HETE, like ETYA, were inhibitors of M1 muscarinic receptor-mediated cyclic GMP formation. In the present report, the effects of monoHETEs are explored in more detail, particularly with regard to the function of the muscarinic receptor. Like 12-HETE and 15-HETE (IC50 = 13 and 11 microM, respectively), 5-HETE inhibited the cyclic GMP response to the muscarinic receptor (IC50 = 10 microM). All three of these monoHETEs were shown also to be inhibitors of the cyclic GMP responses to receptors stimulated by carbachol, histamine, thrombin, neurotensin, and bradykinin. 15-HETE was shown to inhibit the muscarinic receptor-mediated response in a complex manner (apparent noncompetitive and uncompetitive components; IC50 = 18 and 2 microM, respectively). 15-HETE did not inhibit either the M1 muscarinic receptor-stimulated release of [3H]inositol phosphates from cellular phospholipids or the M2 muscarinic receptor-mediated inhibition of hormone (prostaglandin E1)-induced AMP formation. It seemed possible that the monoHETEs could enter into biochemical pathways for arachidonate in N1E-115 cells. [3H]Arachidonate and the three [3H]-monoHETEs all rapidly labeled the membrane lipids of intact N1E-115 cells, with each [3H]eicosanoid producing a unique labeling profile. [3H]15-HETE labeling was noteworthy in that 85% of the label found in the phospholipids was in phosphatidylinositol (PI;t1/2 to steady state = 3 min). Exogenous 15-HETE inhibited the labeling of PI by [3H]arachidonate (IC50 = 28 microM) and elevated unesterified [3H]arachidonate levels. Thus, the mechanism of blockade of receptor-mediated cyclic GMP responses by monoHETEs is likely to be more complex than the simple inhibition of cytosolic mechanisms, e.g., generation of a putative second messenger by lipoxygenase, and may involve also alterations of membrane function accompanying the redistributions of esterified arachidonate.