Role of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in immunotherapy
Garth W Tormoen1, Marka R Crittenden2,3, Michael J Gough2
1Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
Abstract:
Immunotherapy is reshaping cancer treatment paradigms; however, response rates to immune therapies are low and depend on the host's pre-existing antitumor immunity. The tumor microenvironment is comprised of malignant cells, stroma, and extracellular molecules and can hinder immune control of tumors. Herein, we review how anti-tumor immune responses are formed and how tumors avoid immune destruction. We also outline potential therapeutic targets in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment to promote immune control of tumors.
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