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Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity
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IgE-Mediated Food Allergy.

Sara Anvari1, Jennifer Miller1, Chih-Yin Yeh1

  • 1Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Avenue, MC 330.01, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
|October 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Food allergies involve immune responses to food proteins. Early peanut introduction at 4-6 months is recommended to prevent peanut allergy, with immunotherapy as a future treatment.

Keywords:
AnaphylaxisFood allergyFood allergy diagnosisFood immunotherapyIgEMast cellPathophysiologySensitizationToleranceTreatment of food allergy

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Food allergies are adverse immune responses to food proteins, affecting multiple systems.
  • IgE-mediated food allergies involve rapid symptom onset due to immune cell activation, distinct from delayed non-IgE-mediated reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnosis and management of IgE-mediated food allergies.
  • To discuss recent guideline changes regarding early food introduction and future treatment modalities.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on clinical symptoms and evidence of food-specific IgE (skin-prick or serum testing).
  • Oral food challenges may be used to confirm diagnosis when IgE testing is inconclusive.
  • Management includes strict avoidance, patient/family education, and prompt treatment of reactions.

Main Results:

  • Symptom onset likelihood correlates with IgE levels, but severity does not.
  • Anaphylaxis is the most severe reaction, treated with injectable epinephrine.
  • Recent guidelines advocate for early peanut introduction (4-6 months) to prevent allergy development.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of IgE-mediated food allergy is crucial for effective management.
  • Early introduction of allergenic foods like peanuts shows promise in prevention.
  • Investigational treatments like immunotherapy offer potential future therapeutic options.