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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Beyond BCR-ABL1.

Ting Zhou1, L Jeffrey Medeiros2, Shimin Hu3

  • 1Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. tingz@bcm.edu.

Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports
|October 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This review covers chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cytogenetics and molecular aspects, focusing on tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance and treatment monitoring. Understanding resistance mechanisms aids in developing new CML therapies.

Keywords:
Additional chromosomal abnormalityBCR-ABL1Chronic myeloid leukemiaPhiladelphia chromosomeTKI resistanceTyrosine kinase inhibitor

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have transformed chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment, significantly improving patient survival.
  • Leukemogenic mechanisms of BCR-ABL1 and development of novel TKIs have been extensively studied.
  • The TKI era presents new challenges, including understanding treatment failure and disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current cytogenetic and molecular aspects of CML.
  • To summarize knowledge on TKI resistance in CML.
  • To discuss treatment response monitoring in CML.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in CML research.
  • Analysis of cytogenetic and molecular mechanisms of TKI resistance.
  • Evaluation of strategies for treatment response monitoring.

Main Results:

  • Recent progress has elucidated the cytogenetic and molecular bases of CML treatment failure and progression.
  • Understanding genetic aberrations in Ph-positive and Ph-negative cells is crucial.
  • The biological significance of secondary Philadelphia chromosome acquisition is being investigated.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in understanding resistance mechanisms improve CML risk stratification.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies can be designed based on improved knowledge of CML progression.
  • Continued research into molecular mechanisms is vital for optimizing CML management.