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Children sustaining a severe acquired brain lesion before age 3 years: a follow-up study at 1 year from insult

Monica Recla1, Susanna Galbiati1, Valentina Pastore1

  • 1a Department of Neurorehabilitation , Scientific Institute "Eugenio Medea" , Bosisio Parini (Lecco) , Italy.

Brain Injury
|October 31, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Acquired brain injuries in children under 3 years old often result in severe cognitive and motor deficits. Outcomes at 1-year follow-up varied by injury cause, with anoxic lesions showing the worst prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neurorehabilitation
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Acquired brain injury (ABI) in early childhood can lead to significant long-term functional and cognitive impairments.
  • Understanding the trajectory of recovery is crucial for optimizing early intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the functional and cognitive outcomes of children under 3 years old with acquired brain injury (ABI) of various etiologies.
  • To assess outcomes at initial hospitalization (T0) and 1-year follow-up (T1) post-rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of children with ABI was assessed at T0 and T1 (6 and 12 months post-event).
  • Cognitive assessments were performed as early as possible at T1.
  • Patients were categorized into three groups based on the etiology of their brain injury.

Main Results:

  • At T0, a significant proportion of patients (74) had cognitive impairments too severe for evaluation, presenting with motor, linguistic, and cognitive deficits.
  • By T1, the number of non-evaluable patients decreased to 58.
  • Children with anoxic brain lesions exhibited the most unfavorable motor and visual outcomes.
  • Infectious lesions were most commonly associated with global motor delays.

Conclusions:

  • Approximately 50% of children with ABI could undergo cognitive evaluation by the 1-year follow-up.
  • Functional and cognitive recovery varied significantly depending on the underlying etiology of the acquired brain injury.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acquired brain injuriesfollow-up studyoutcome researchpreschool childrenrehabilitation

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