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Thyroid Swelling: A Common Phenomenon in Art?

Remo Accorona1, Inge Huskens2, Jeroen Meulemans3

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Area of Science:

  • Art History
  • Medical History
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Thyroid swelling (goiters) have been depicted in art throughout history.
  • The interpretation of these artistic representations is complex, with ambiguity regarding realistic portrayal versus artistic license.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the historical representation of thyroid swelling in art across different periods and artistic movements.
  • To explore the potential insights artwork provides into the prevalence and perception of thyroid conditions through the ages.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Embase, and ResearchGate.
  • Artworks from various periods were analyzed for representations of enlarged anterior neck regions suggestive of thyroid swelling.

Main Results:

  • Thyroid swelling is a recurring motif in artworks spanning diverse stylistic periods and cultures.
  • These artistic depictions indicate that thyroid swelling was a recognized condition even in ancient civilizations.

Conclusions:

  • Art historical analysis offers a unique perspective on the historical understanding and prevalence of thyroid diseases.
  • Artwork provides valuable, albeit sometimes ambiguous, evidence for formulating hypotheses about the distribution of thyroid conditions over centuries.