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[Long-term survival of patients with acute myocardial infarction in Iceland]

Einar Logi Snorrason1, Bergros Kristin Johannnesdottir2, Thor Aspelund3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland.

Laeknabladid
|October 31, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) has a higher incidence and worse long-term survival rates compared to ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This difference persists even after adjusting for age and other risk factors.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) incidence is decreasing globally, but Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) is rising relative to ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI).
  • Understanding long-term outcomes for NSTEMI versus STEMI is crucial for patient management and public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the long-term survival rates of patients diagnosed with NSTEMI versus STEMI.
  • To investigate the influence of various risk factors on the survival outcomes of these two myocardial infarction types.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study included all acute myocardial infarction patients hospitalized in Iceland in 2006.
  • Data on risk factors were extracted from electronic medical records.
  • Primary endpoint was all-cause mortality; secondary endpoint was death or re-infarction, with follow-up until January 1st, 2015.

Main Results:

  • In 2006, NSTEMI incidence (91.3/100,000) exceeded STEMI (55.9/100,000) in Iceland.
  • Five-year survival rates were 51% for NSTEMI and 77% for STEMI.
  • Age-adjusted five-year survival rates remained significantly higher for STEMI patients (p <0.01).

Conclusions:

  • NSTEMI demonstrated a higher incidence and poorer long-term prognosis than STEMI in Iceland.
  • The worse prognosis observed in women was attributed to their higher mean age.
  • Long-term survival for NSTEMI patients is worse than for STEMI patients, even when accounting for age differences.
Abstract

Keywords:
Non ST elevation myocardial infarctionST elevation myocardial infarctionacute myocardial infarctionlong term survivalprognosis

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