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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Adjunctive Diode Laser Therapy and Probiotic Lactobacillus Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease
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[Hormone Therapy During Peri- and Postmenopause].

Sophie Meyer, Vanadin Seifert-Klauss

    Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
    |October 31, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study's 18-year follow-up found minimal mortality differences between hormone therapy and placebo. This research may settle debates on hormone therapy risks and benefits.

    Area of Science:

    • Women's Health
    • Endocrinology
    • Clinical Trials

    Background:

    • The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study investigated the long-term effects of hormone therapy (HT).
    • Previous findings on HT risks and benefits have been debated, creating uncertainty for patients and clinicians.
    • An 18-year follow-up was conducted to provide definitive long-term data.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To resolve the long-standing dispute regarding the risks and benefits of hormone therapy.
    • To analyze mortality data from the WHI study over an 18-year follow-up period.
    • To inform future, more targeted hormone therapy approaches.

    Main Methods:

    • The WHI study involved two main trials: one with combined estrogen and progestin (for women without hysterectomy) and one with estrogen alone (for women with hysterectomy).

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  • Participants received either hormone therapy or a placebo.
  • Data on 16,608 women (combined therapy) and 10,739 women (estrogen alone) were analyzed, with 7,489 deaths recorded until 2014.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall mortality showed a slight difference: 27.1% in the hormone therapy groups versus 27.6% in the placebo groups.
    • The 18-year follow-up suggests that hormone therapy does not significantly increase overall mortality.
    • These findings may help reconcile opposing views on the risks associated with hormone therapy administration versus withholding it.

    Conclusions:

    • The 18-year follow-up of the WHI study indicates that hormone therapy has a neutral effect on overall mortality.
    • This evidence can help resolve the long-standing debate surrounding hormone therapy risks.
    • Future research may focus on phase-adapted and complaint-targeted hormone therapy, informed by perimenopause findings.