Identification of TMAO-producer phenotype and host-diet-gut dysbiosis by carnitine challenge test in human and germ-free mice
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.The oral carnitine challenge test (OCCT) effectively identifies trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) producers, aiding cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. This method offers personalized dietary guidance and therapeutic assessment for TMAO-related interventions.
Area Of Science
- Microbiology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Nutritional Science
Background
- Gut microbiota-derived trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a significant factor in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development.
- Fasting plasma TMAO levels serve as a prognostic indicator for CVD, prompting interest in gut microbiota-targeted interventions.
Purpose Of The Study
- To develop and validate the oral carnitine challenge test (OCCT) as a clinical tool for assessing TMAO production capacity.
- To personalize dietary recommendations and evaluate therapeutic drug efforts targeting TMAO metabolism.
Main Methods
- A pharmacokinetic study verified the OCCT protocol.
- The OCCT was administered to 23 vegetarians and 34 omnivores, integrating microbiome, genetic, dietary, and biochemical data.
- Translational validation was performed using a humanized gnotobiotic mice model.
Main Results
- OCCT demonstrated superior efficacy over fasting TMAO in identifying TMAO producer phenotypes.
- Omnivores showed a 10-fold higher odds of being high TMAO producers compared to vegetarians.
- TMAO-associated gut taxa identified by OCCT aligned with prior animal studies, and urine TMAO correlated strongly with plasma TMAO, enhancing OCCT feasibility.
Conclusions
- The OCCT is a viable method for identifying individual TMAO-producer phenotypes.
- This test can guide personalized strategies for CVD prevention and treatment by informing dietary choices and therapeutic interventions.
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