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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

The Impact of Motor Task Conditions on Goal-Directed Arm Reaching Kinematics and Trunk Compensation in Chronic Stroke Survivors

The Impact of Motor Task Conditions on Goal-Directed Arm Reaching Kinematics and Trunk Compensation in Chronic Stroke Survivors

Published on: May 2, 2021

Age differences in arm-trunk coordination during trunk-assisted reaching.

Sajida Khanafer¹, Heidi Sveistrup², Mindy F Levin³

¹School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.

Experimental Brain Research

|November 1, 2018

Summary

Older adults maintain efficient arm-trunk coordination for reaching tasks but show greater movement variability compared to younger adults, indicating reduced consistency in motor control.

Keywords:

Arm–trunk coordination Older adults Trunk-assisted reaching Variable performance

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Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

The Impact of Motor Task Conditions on Goal-Directed Arm Reaching Kinematics and Trunk Compensation in Chronic Stroke Survivors

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Published on: May 2, 2021

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Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Motor Control
Gerontology

Background:

Reaching is a fundamental motor skill requiring coordinated arm and trunk movements.
Age-related changes can affect motor control and coordination.
Understanding compensatory strategies in older adults is crucial for maintaining functional independence.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate age-related differences in arm-trunk coordination during reaching tasks.
To analyze compensatory movements involving the arm and trunk in younger and older adults.
To assess the impact of task type, arm dominance, and speed on coordination.

Main Methods:

Participants performed stationary hand and reaching hand tasks with eyes closed.
Tasks involved coordinated arm and trunk movements.
Movement variability and coordination (gain scores) were analyzed for different conditions.

Main Results:

Young and older adults demonstrated similar endpoint accuracy and compensatory strategies in both tasks.
Movement consistency was significantly lower in older adults, evidenced by higher variability.
This pattern held true regardless of arm used or movement speed.

Conclusions:

Older adults retain the capacity for efficient arm-trunk coordination during reaching.
While functional coordination is preserved, older adults exhibit less consistent motor performance.
Age-related increases in movement variability may impact the reliability of reaching actions.