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Rubber oxygenases.

Dieter Jendrossek1, Jakob Birke2

  • 1Institute of Microbiology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany. dieter.jendrossek@imb.uni-stuttgart.de.

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
|November 1, 2018
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Summary

Natural rubber-degrading bacteria utilize rubber oxygenases to break down polyisoprene. This review summarizes the properties of three main types: RoxA, RoxB, and latex clearing proteins (Lcp).

Keywords:
Latex clearing proteinLcpNatural rubberPoly(cis-1,4-isoporene)RoxARoxBRubber oxygenase

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Microbiology
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Natural rubber (NR), a poly(cis-1,4-isoprene), is widely used industrially and enters the environment as waste.
  • Isoprene units are fundamental to biomolecules, and NR-degrading bacteria are ubiquitous.
  • The carbon-carbon double bond in NR's isoprene units is the target for NR-cleaving enzymes, known as rubber oxygenases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize the properties of the three main types of rubber oxygenases.
  • To highlight the enzymatic mechanisms involved in natural rubber degradation.
  • To provide insights into the biological breakdown of polyisoprene.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of rubber oxygenases from various bacterial species.
  • Enzymatic assays to determine the cleavage activity and products of rubber oxygenases.
  • Bioinformatic analysis to understand the relationships between different rubber oxygenase types.

Main Results:

  • Three main types of rubber oxygenases have been identified: RoxA (Gram-negative), Lcp (Gram-positive), and RoxB (Gram-negative).
  • All characterized rubber oxygenases are haem-containing enzymes.
  • These enzymes oxidatively cleave polyisoprene into low-molecular-weight oligoisoprenoids.

Conclusions:

  • Rubber oxygenases play a crucial role in the natural degradation of polyisoprene.
  • Understanding these enzymes offers potential for biotechnological applications in rubber recycling and bioremediation.
  • Further research into RoxA, RoxB, and Lcp will elucidate their specific roles and catalytic mechanisms in polyisoprene breakdown.