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Red blood cell simulation using a coupled shell-fluid analysis purely based on the SPH method.

Meisam Soleimani1, Shahab Sahraee2, Peter Wriggers2

  • 1Institute of Continuum Mechanics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany. soleimani@ikm.uni-hannover.de.

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|November 1, 2018
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Summary

A new 3D numerical method using smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulates red blood cells (RBCs) and their fluid interactions. This tool aids in understanding RBC mechanical behavior and deformability, crucial for oxygen transport.

Keywords:
Fluid–solid interactionRed blood cellShellSmoothed particle hydrodynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Computational mechanics
  • Biophysics
  • Fluid dynamics

Background:

  • Red blood cells (RBCs) are vital for oxygen transport, and their mechanical behavior influences health.
  • Understanding RBC deformability is crucial, especially in conditions affecting microvessel flow.
  • Existing simulation methods may not fully capture the complex shell-fluid interactions of RBCs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel 3D numerical method for simulating red blood cells (RBCs).
  • To model the interaction between the RBC's shell structure and surrounding fluids (cytoplasm and plasma).
  • To provide a computational tool for analyzing RBC mechanical behavior and deformability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method for both fluid and shell components.
  • Modeled RBCs as thin shells encapsulating internal fluid (cytoplasm) within external fluid (blood plasma).
  • Incorporated Reissner-Mindlin theory for shell kinematics and a total Lagrangian formulation for large displacements.

Main Results:

  • Successfully simulated RBC deformation in a stenosed capillary, reflecting changes in rheological behavior.
  • Verified simulation accuracy by modeling RBC stretching in an optical tweezers system.
  • Developed a unique computational tool based purely on SPH for shell-fluid interaction in RBC simulation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SPH-based numerical method offers a novel approach to simulating RBCs.
  • This tool can predict the mechanical behavior of RBCs, aiding in understanding diseases affecting deformability.
  • The simulation provides insights into RBC function and dysfunction in microcirculation.