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Brain activity pattern changes after adaptive working memory training in multiple sclerosis.

Laura Bonzano1,2, Ludovico Pedullà3,4, Matteo Pardini1,5

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.

Brain Imaging and Behavior
|November 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Working memory (WM) training improved cognitive function and normalized brain activity in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). This adaptive rehabilitation reduced abnormal brain patterns, suggesting potential for cognitive restoration.

Keywords:
Adaptive trainingCognitive rehabilitationCognitive reserveMultiple sclerosisWorking memoryfMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment and altered brain activity are prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Working memory (WM) training shows promise for cognitive symptom amelioration in MS, but neural effects require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of an 8-week adaptive WM rehabilitative intervention on brain functional activity in people with MS (PwMS).
  • To correlate neural changes with cognitive performance improvements post-intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Eighteen PwMS underwent home-based adaptive WM training for 8 weeks.
  • Neuropsychological assessments and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the Paced Visual Serial Addition Test (PVSAT) were conducted pre- and post-training.
  • fMRI activation patterns in PwMS were compared to those of 18 matched healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • At baseline, PwMS exhibited abnormal brain activity during the PVSAT compared to controls.
  • Following rehabilitation, PwMS showed improved cognitive performance and altered fMRI activation patterns, notably in the right cerebellum and left hemisphere.
  • A significant correlation was found between BOLD signal in the right inferior parietal lobule and cognitive performance, both pre- and post-training.

Conclusions:

  • Adaptive WM training can enhance cognitive performance in PwMS.
  • The training appears to reduce abnormal brain activation, potentially by maintaining or restoring cognitive functions.
  • Neural plasticity in areas like the inferior parietal lobule may underlie cognitive improvements in MS patients undergoing WM rehabilitation.