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Effect of temperature and storage time on dental bleaching effectiveness
Luiz Alexandre Chisini1, Marcus Cristian Muniz Conde1, Sônia Saeger Meireles2
1Center of Biological and Health Sciences, University of Vale do Taquari UNIVATES - UNIVATES, Lajeado, Brazil.
Summary
High temperatures and prolonged storage significantly reduce the effectiveness of carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching agents. Proper storage conditions are crucial for maintaining the efficacy of 10% and 16% CP formulations.
Area of Science:
- Dental materials science
- Biomaterials science
- Cosmetic dentistry
Background:
- Dental bleaching agents, particularly carbamide peroxide (CP), are widely used for aesthetic improvement.
- The long-term stability and effectiveness of these agents can be influenced by environmental factors such as storage temperature and duration.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for ensuring predictable clinical outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of varying storage times (3 and 12 months) and temperatures (10°C, 25°C, and 35°C) on the bleaching efficacy of 10% and 16% carbamide peroxide (CP) formulations.
- To assess both objective (spectrophotometric) and subjective (visual shade guide) measures of bleaching effectiveness.
Main Methods:
- Enamel slabs were treated with 10% (CP10) and 16% (CP16) carbamide peroxide.
- Shade evaluations were performed at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months.
- Storage occurred at controlled temperatures: 10°C, 25°C, and 35°C.
- Objective color change (ΔE₀₀) was measured using a spectrophotometer, and subjective shade variation (ΔS) was assessed with a VITA shade guide.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in bleaching effectiveness were observed between CP concentrations at baseline or when stored under identical conditions for the same duration.
- A significant reduction in bleaching efficacy (both objective ΔE₀₀ and subjective ΔS) was noted for both CP10 and CP16 after 12 months of storage at 35°C compared to baseline.
- Carbamide peroxide formulations stored at 10°C and 25°C maintained their bleaching ability even after 12 months.
Conclusions:
- Prolonged storage of carbamide peroxide bleaching agents at elevated temperatures (35°C) can diminish their effectiveness.
- Storage at lower temperatures (10°C and 25°C) preserves the bleaching capacity of CP formulations over 12 months.
- Clinicians should adhere to recommended storage guidelines to ensure optimal performance of bleaching agents.
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