Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What is a Species?01:17

What is a Species?

50.0K
Overview
50.0K
Keystone Species01:39

Keystone Species

24.8K
Measures of species biodiversity, such as richness (i.e., the number of species present) and evenness (i.e., their relative abundance), describe an ecological community’s structure. Many factors affect community structure, including abiotic factors (e.g., sunlight and nutrients), disturbances (e.g., fire or flood), species interactions (e.g., predation or competition), and chance events (e.g., foreign species invasion). Certain species—such as keystone species—also play a...
24.8K
Formation of Species01:31

Formation of Species

45.1K
Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
45.1K
Group Design02:01

Group Design

10.5K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
10.5K
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

65.6K
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
65.6K
Factorial Design02:01

Factorial Design

13.8K
Factorial Analysis is an experimental design that applies Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical procedures to examine a change in a dependent variable due to more than one independent variable, also known as factors. Changes in worker productivity can be reasoned, for example, to be influenced by salary and other conditions, such as skill level. One way to test this hypothesis is by categorizing salary into three levels (low, moderate, and high) and skills sets into two levels (entry level...
13.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparing motor unit number estimation techniques.

Journal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology·2025
Same author

Synergistic Network Pharmacology: Preclinical Validation and Clinical Safety in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2025
Same author

CTRIAL-IE (ICORG) 15-34: The impact of the 21 gene breast recurrence score® assay on chemotherapy prescribing in oestrogen receptor positive, lymph node positive early stage breast cancer in Ireland.

Irish journal of medical science·2025
Same author

The effects of four hours of normobaric hypoxia on the vestibular control of balance.

Experimental brain research·2024
Same author

Ultrasensitive Dual ELONA/SERS-RPA Multiplex Diagnosis of Antimicrobial Resistance.

Analytical chemistry·2024
Same author

Multiplex detection of the big five carbapenemase genes using solid-phase recombinase polymerase amplification.

The Analyst·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection
09:12

A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection

Published on: June 15, 2018

10.5K

Species-Specific Detection of C. difficile Using Targeted Antibody Design.

B M Lawry1, C L Johnson2, K Flanagan3

  • 1School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences , Newcastle University , Newcastle-Upon-Tyne , NE2 4HH , United Kingdom.

Analytical Chemistry
|November 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified a unique Clostridium difficile biomarker, "AKDGSTKEDQLVDALA," and developed a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb521) for a novel diagnostic assay. This advance aims to improve C. difficile infection detection in healthcare settings.

More Related Videos

Analyzing Tumor and Tissue Distribution of Target Antigen Specific Therapeutic Antibody
07:36

Analyzing Tumor and Tissue Distribution of Target Antigen Specific Therapeutic Antibody

Published on: May 16, 2020

5.9K
Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification LAMP Assays for the Species-specific Detection of Eimeria that Infect Chickens
06:57

Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification LAMP Assays for the Species-specific Detection of Eimeria that Infect Chickens

Published on: February 20, 2015

27.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection
09:12

A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection

Published on: June 15, 2018

10.5K
Analyzing Tumor and Tissue Distribution of Target Antigen Specific Therapeutic Antibody
07:36

Analyzing Tumor and Tissue Distribution of Target Antigen Specific Therapeutic Antibody

Published on: May 16, 2020

5.9K
Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification LAMP Assays for the Species-specific Detection of Eimeria that Infect Chickens
06:57

Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification LAMP Assays for the Species-specific Detection of Eimeria that Infect Chickens

Published on: February 20, 2015

27.5K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Clostridium difficile infections pose a significant global healthcare challenge, complicated by diagnostic difficulties.
  • Current diagnostic methods for C. difficile infection vary in effectiveness, necessitating improved approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify a novel, species-specific biomarker for Clostridium difficile.
  • To develop affinity reagents and a diagnostic assay for improved C. difficile infection detection.

Main Methods:

  • A bioinformatics pipeline identified a unique surface-associated biomarker (AKDGSTKEDQLVDALA).
  • Monoclonal antibodies were generated against the biomarker peptide sequence.
  • Surface plasmon resonance characterized antibody-target binding kinetics and assay sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • Monoclonal antibody 521 (mAb521) demonstrated specific binding to all C. difficile surface layer types, not cross-reacting with related strains.
  • An apparent equilibrium dissociation constant of 36.5 nM was determined for mAb521 and the target protein.
  • The diagnostic assay achieved a limit of detection of 12.4 ng/mL for the target protein and 1.7 × 10^6 cells/mL for C. difficile cultures.

Conclusions:

  • A computational approach enabled the design of species-specific antibodies for diagnostic applications.
  • The developed mAb521 and assay offer a promising tool for accurate and reliable C. difficile detection.
  • This strategy mitigates false-positive results by targeting a unique biomarker, enhancing diagnostic specificity.