Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

9.7K
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
9.7K
Feedback Inhibition00:46

Feedback Inhibition

57.1K
Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
57.1K
Space Trusses01:25

Space Trusses

1.3K
A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. The space truss is widely used in various construction projects due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads.
At the core of a space truss lies the fundamental unit known as the tetrahedron. This structure is composed of six members that form a three-dimensional shape...
1.3K
State Space Representation01:27

State Space Representation

573
The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
573
Space Trusses: Problem Solving01:29

Space Trusses: Problem Solving

909
A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. Due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads, the space truss is widely used in various construction projects.
Consider a tripod consisting of a tetrahedral space truss with a ball-and-socket joint at C. Suppose the height and lengths of the horizontal and vertical...
909
Transfer Function to State Space01:23

Transfer Function to State Space

803
State-space representation is a powerful tool for simulating physical systems on digital computers, necessitating the conversion of the transfer function into state-space form. Consider an nth-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients, like those encountered in an RLC circuit. The state variables are selected as the output and its n−1 derivatives. Differentiating these variables and substituting them back into the original equation produces the state equations.
In an RLC...
803

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evolutionarily old brainstem neurons are required for the control of selective spatial attention.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Reliable Inference of the Encoding of Task States by Individual Neurons Using Calcium Imaging.

eNeuro·2026
Same author

Contribute to balance, wire in accordance: Emergence of backpropagation from a simple, bio-plausible neuroplasticity rule.

ArXiv·2025
Same author

The barn owl in systems and behavioral neuroscience: Progress and promise.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2025
Same author

Quantifying information stored in synaptic connections rather than in firing patterns of neural networks.

ArXiv·2024
Same author

Quantifying information stored in synaptic connections rather than in firing patterns of neural networks.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Developing a Behavioral Box for Assessing Prepulse Inhibition and Neural Activity in Psychiatric Animal Models
06:55

Developing a Behavioral Box for Assessing Prepulse Inhibition and Neural Activity in Psychiatric Animal Models

Published on: July 22, 2025

758

Combinatorial Neural Inhibition for Stimulus Selection across Space.

Nagaraj R Mahajan1, Shreesh P Mysore2

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Cell Reports
|November 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The brain uses optimized inhibition across stimulus locations for selection. This strategy, seen in owl visual processing, minimizes costs and efficiently selects important information.

Keywords:
barn owlcombinatorial inhibitionelectrophysiologymidbrainmodelingoptic tectumselectionsuperior colliculus

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Integrating Computational and Experimental Approaches in Precision Oncology
07:03

Author Spotlight: Integrating Computational and Experimental Approaches in Precision Oncology

Published on: December 1, 2023

1.5K
Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries
10:58

Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries

Published on: September 6, 2012

10.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Developing a Behavioral Box for Assessing Prepulse Inhibition and Neural Activity in Psychiatric Animal Models
06:55

Developing a Behavioral Box for Assessing Prepulse Inhibition and Neural Activity in Psychiatric Animal Models

Published on: July 22, 2025

758
Author Spotlight: Integrating Computational and Experimental Approaches in Precision Oncology
07:03

Author Spotlight: Integrating Computational and Experimental Approaches in Precision Oncology

Published on: December 1, 2023

1.5K
Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries
10:58

Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries

Published on: September 6, 2012

10.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Animal Behavior
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Neural circuits must efficiently select salient stimuli from competing inputs across spatial locations.
  • The vertebrate midbrain selection network, including the isthmi pars magnocellularis (Imc), plays a crucial role in this process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying stimulus selection in the Imc.
  • To determine if Imc neuron receptive field organization supports efficient spatial selection.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments were conducted on owls, focusing on the isthmi pars magnocellularis (Imc) nucleus.
  • Analysis of Imc neuron receptive fields and their spatial distribution was performed.

Main Results:

  • Imc neurons encode visual space using receptive fields with multiple excitatory "lobes."
  • The distribution of these lobes across Imc neurons is combinatorially optimized for spatial selection.
  • This optimization minimizes metabolic and wiring costs, explaining coding asymmetries.

Conclusions:

  • The brain employs a combinatorially optimized inhibition strategy for efficient stimulus selection across space.
  • This principle of optimized inhibition may be a general neural mechanism for efficient information processing.