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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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The DNA replication, transcription, and translation processes are intricately coupled in bacteria, allowing efficient gene expression and rapid protein synthesis. While this physical and functional coordination is advantageous, it introduces challenges that bacteria overcome through specific regulatory mechanisms.Coupling of Replication, Transcription, and TranslationThe coupling of replication, transcription, and translation is a hallmark of bacterial gene expression. As the replisome unwinds...
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Time-Series Graph00:54

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A time-series graph is a line graph with repeated measurements taken at successive intervals of time. It is also called a time series chart. To construct a time-series graph, one must look at both pieces of a paired data set. The horizontal axis is used to plot the time increments, and the vertical axis is used to plot the values of the variable that one is measuring. By using the axes in this way, each point on the graph will correspond to time and a measured quantity. The points on the graph...
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Discrete-Time Fourier Series01:20

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The Discrete-Time Fourier Series (DTFS) is a fundamental concept in signal processing, serving as the discrete-time counterpart to the continuous-time Fourier series. It allows for the representation and analysis of discrete-time periodic signals in terms of their frequency components. Unlike its continuous counterpart, which utilizes integrals, the calculation of DTFS expansion coefficients involves summations due to the discrete nature of the signal.
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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Supraclavicular Brown Adipose Tissue Extraction for Genetic Analysis
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Profiling Cellular Processes in Adipose Tissue during Weight Loss Using Time Series Gene Expression.

Samar H K Tareen1, Michiel E Adriaens2, Ilja C W Arts3,4

  • 1Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands. samar.tareen@maastrichtuniversity.nl.

Genes
|November 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a network biology workflow to analyze gene expression changes in adipose tissue during weight loss. It identifies key metabolic, developmental, and remodeling processes affected by dietary interventions.

Keywords:
adipose tissuecellular processescorrelation networkscytoscapedietdifferential expressionnetwork biologynetwork visualisationobesitytranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Obesity is a global epidemic linked to chronic diseases.
  • Diet-induced weight loss is a common strategy to combat obesity.
  • Molecular mechanisms in adipose tissue during weight loss require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present a network biology analysis workflow.
  • To profile cellular processes affected by weight loss in subcutaneous adipose tissue.
  • To identify key genes and biological pathways involved in weight loss.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of time series gene expression data from a dietary intervention.
  • Construction of co-expression networks using a novel method for time-series data.
  • Network analysis using Cytoscape, including overlap network construction, topological clustering, and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identification of five distinct clusters of co-expressed genes.
  • Enrichment analysis revealed involvement in key metabolic processes.
  • Adipose tissue development and tissue remodeling processes were significantly enriched.

Conclusions:

  • A flexible and robust network biology workflow for weight loss research is presented.
  • The workflow effectively identifies critical biological processes and genes associated with weight loss.
  • The approach is suitable for handling high inter-individual variation in human studies.