Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Potential Energy00:52

Potential Energy

42.7K
The energy stored by a structure and location of matter in space is called potential energy. For instance, raising a kettlebell changes its spatial location and increases its potential energy. Similarly, a stretched rubber band contains potential energy which, under certain conditions, can be converted into other forms of energy, such as kinetic energy.
Chemical bonds that form attractive forces between atoms also contain potential energy, called chemical energy. When a chemical reaction...
42.7K
Potential Energy01:09

Potential Energy

1.0K
A conservative force, such as a gravitational or elastic force, gives the body the capacity to do work. This capacity, measured as the potential energy, depends on the body's location or “position” relative to a fixed reference position or datum. The gravitational potential energy is considered zero at the reference point. Suppose a body is located at some vertical distance above a fixed horizontal reference or datum. In that case, the weight of the body has positive gravitational potential...
1.0K
Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

50.3K
On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
50.3K
Cell Potential and Free Energy02:58

Cell Potential and Free Energy

46.5K
Thermodynamics of a Redox Reaction
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics dealing with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. In an electrochemical cell, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
Thus, a link can be predicted between cell potential, free energy change, and the equilibrium constant for the reaction. Cell potential can also be measured as the oxidant or the reducing strength, and similar acid-base strength measures are reflected in equilibrium...
46.5K
The Resting Membrane Potential01:21

The Resting Membrane Potential

142.6K
Overview
142.6K
Electric Potential and Potential Difference01:16

Electric Potential and Potential Difference

5.7K
Suppose a positive test charge moves away from a positive static charge, then the Coulomb force does positive work, and its electric potential energy decreases. The potential energy per unit charge is defined as the electric potential. The electric potential is independent of the test charge.
When a test charge moves from the initial to the final position, the electric potential difference between those positions is defined as the ratio of the change in the potential energy to the charge on the...
5.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Colloidal Quantum Dot Electrochemiluminescence: From Confined Excitons to Mechanism-Guided Bioanalysis.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Transporter-Mimicking MXene for Uric Acid Capture and Sensing in Biofluids.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Recent Advances in Electrochemiluminescence Imaging Applications.

Chemical & biomedical imaging·2026
Same author

Bipolar Electrochemiluminescence at Single Gold Microbeads Trapped by Micropipettes.

Chemical & biomedical imaging·2026
Same author

Tracking Dynamic Variations of Reactive Oxygen Species and Temperature during Ferroptosis-Induced Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Electrostatic-Driven Nucleobase Discrimination by Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets for Deoxyribonucleic Acid Methylation Profiling.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Multiplexed Fluorometric ImmunoAssay Testing Methodology and Troubleshooting
08:05

Multiplexed Fluorometric ImmunoAssay Testing Methodology and Troubleshooting

Published on: December 12, 2011

28.9K

Potential-Resolved Multicolor Electrochemiluminescence for Multiplex Immunoassay in a Single Sample.

Weiliang Guo1, Hao Ding1, Chaoyue Gu2

  • 1Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed new ruthenium and iridium complexes for electrochemiluminescence (ECL) multiplex immunoassays. This innovation enables high-throughput detection of multiple biomarkers simultaneously, advancing clinical diagnostics with improved sensitivity and reduced sample volume.

More Related Videos

Snap Chip for Cross-reactivity-free and Spotter-free Multiplexed Sandwich Immunoassays
10:44

Snap Chip for Cross-reactivity-free and Spotter-free Multiplexed Sandwich Immunoassays

Published on: November 13, 2017

6.9K
A Sensitive and Specific Quantitation Method for Determination of Serum Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein-C by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay
10:12

A Sensitive and Specific Quantitation Method for Determination of Serum Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein-C by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay

Published on: August 8, 2013

17.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Multiplexed Fluorometric ImmunoAssay Testing Methodology and Troubleshooting
08:05

Multiplexed Fluorometric ImmunoAssay Testing Methodology and Troubleshooting

Published on: December 12, 2011

28.9K
Snap Chip for Cross-reactivity-free and Spotter-free Multiplexed Sandwich Immunoassays
10:44

Snap Chip for Cross-reactivity-free and Spotter-free Multiplexed Sandwich Immunoassays

Published on: November 13, 2017

6.9K
A Sensitive and Specific Quantitation Method for Determination of Serum Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein-C by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay
10:12

A Sensitive and Specific Quantitation Method for Determination of Serum Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein-C by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay

Published on: August 8, 2013

17.1K

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is crucial for clinical immunoassays but limited by luminophore availability.
  • Multiplex immunoassays require diverse, distinguishable signal reporters for simultaneous biomarker detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) complexes for ECL applications.
  • To develop a multiplex immunoassay platform utilizing these new luminophores for high-throughput diagnostics.
  • To investigate spectral and potential-resolved ECL signals for multiplexing capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of new Ru(II) and Ir(III) complexes.
  • Investigation of individual and mixed luminophore ECL behaviors (intensity, spectrum, image).
  • Development of a spot-free multiplex immunoassay using luminophore-loaded polymer beads and homogeneous sandwich immunoreaction.
  • Utilizing potential and spectrum dual-resolved ECL for signal readout.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of several new Ru(II) and Ir(III) complexes with distinct ECL properties.
  • Achieved spectral peak separation up to 145 nm between specific Ru and Ir complexes.
  • Demonstrated potential-resolved ECL signals for mixed luminophores.
  • Successfully performed simultaneous detection of three antigens (CEA, AFP, β-HCG) in 300 μL sample volume using a spot-free multiplex immunoassay.

Conclusions:

  • The developed luminophores and multiplexing strategies overcome limitations in current ECL immunoassays.
  • The spot-free, dual-resolved ECL immunoassay offers a sensitive and efficient platform for high-throughput biomarker detection.
  • This work advances the understanding of multi-luminophore ECL and its application in clinical diagnostics with reduced sample consumption.