Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

15.2K
Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
15.2K
Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

174.1K
Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
174.1K
Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

14.8K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
14.8K
The Fluid Mosaic Model01:34

The Fluid Mosaic Model

178.1K
The fluid mosaic model was first proposed as a visual representation of research observations. The model comprises the composition and dynamics of membranes and serves as a foundation for future membrane-related studies. The model depicts the structure of the plasma membrane with a variety of components, which include phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. These integral molecules are loosely bound, defining the cell’s border and providing fluidity for optimal function.
178.1K
Classifying Matter by State02:49

Classifying Matter by State

103.4K
Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air, water, soil, mountains, even our bodies are all examples of matter. Matter is divided into three states — solid, liquid, and gas — that are commonly found on earth. The fourth state of matter, plasma, occurs naturally in the interiors of stars. 
103.4K
Cleavage and Blastulation01:33

Cleavage and Blastulation

50.1K
After a large-single-celled zygote is produced via fertilization, the process of cleavage occurs while zygotes travel through the uterine tube. Cleavage is a mitotic cell division that does not result in growth. With each round of successive cell division, daughter cells get increasingly smaller.
50.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Simultaneous nanoscale imaging of local conductivity and chemical potential in a quantum Hall isospin ferromagnet.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Gate-Tunable Photoresponse of Graphene Josephson Junctions at Terahertz Frequencies.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Polymer-free van der Waals assembly of 2D material heterostructures using muscovite crystals.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Author Correction: Switching graphitic polytypes in elastically coupled cavities.

Nature nanotechnology·2026
Same author

Switching graphitic polytypes in elastically coupled cavities.

Nature nanotechnology·2026
Same author

Spontaneously N-Doped Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Coatings Accelerate Electron Uptake in Shewanella Oneidensis.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal

Kat5 deficiency in alveolar type II cells licenses STAT6-driven glycolytic reprogramming and pulmonary fibrosis.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Continuous nonthermal slab gap formed by progressive tearing beneath Northeast Asia.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Zeolitic isolated protonic acid sites-mediated NH<sub>3</sub> storage for robust NO<sub>x</sub> removal.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Coaxially nested component with asymmetric fiber resonant cavity and separation membrane for gaseous and dissolved gases detection.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Near-unity charge readout signal in a nonlinear resonator without matching the sensor dissipation.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Prokaryotic Schlafen proteins cleave tRNAs during type III CRISPR immunity.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Development and Functionalization of Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistor for Biomarker Detection
07:51

Development and Functionalization of Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistor for Biomarker Detection

Published on: February 1, 2022

3.8K

Fluidity onset in graphene.

Denis A Bandurin1, Andrey V Shytov2, Leonid S Levitov3

  • 1School of Physics, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.

Nature Communications
|November 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers observed a transition to viscous electron fluid behavior in graphene. This interaction-dominated flow is surprisingly quasiballistic before becoming hydrodynamic at higher temperatures, marked by negative resistance.

More Related Videos

Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies
10:23

Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies

Published on: November 5, 2015

14.5K
Graphene Coatings for Biomedical Implants
13:21

Graphene Coatings for Biomedical Implants

Published on: March 1, 2013

21.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Development and Functionalization of Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistor for Biomarker Detection
07:51

Development and Functionalization of Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistor for Biomarker Detection

Published on: February 1, 2022

3.8K
Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies
10:23

Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies

Published on: November 5, 2015

14.5K
Graphene Coatings for Biomedical Implants
13:21

Graphene Coatings for Biomedical Implants

Published on: March 1, 2013

21.8K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Solid-State Physics
  • Quantum Electronics

Background:

  • Strongly-correlated electron transport in solids is a key area of research.
  • Viscous electron fluids represent a novel state of matter for electron transport.
  • Previous studies have theorized viscous electron fluid behavior but lacked direct observation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly observe the transition to a viscous electron fluid state in a high-mobility graphene system.
  • To characterize the electron flow regimes (hydrodynamic vs. quasiballistic) and their temperature dependence.
  • To investigate the role of electron-electron interactions in emergent fluidic behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a high-mobility graphene system as the experimental platform.
  • Probing electron transport properties, including resistance, near a current injector.
  • Varying temperature to observe transitions in electron flow behavior.

Main Results:

  • Direct observation of the transition to a viscous electron fluid state in graphene.
  • Electron flow is interaction-dominated but quasiballistic over a wide temperature range.
  • Viscous flow signatures appear at higher temperatures, with a sharp negative resistance maximum at the transition.
  • Resistance decreases upon entering the hydrodynamic regime.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated the emergence of viscous fluid behavior in an interacting electron system.
  • Identified a transition from quasiballistic to hydrodynamic electron flow in graphene.
  • Highlighted the significance of electron-electron interactions in novel transport phenomena.