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Experience and brain development.

W T Greenough, J E Black, C S Wallace

    Child Development
    |June 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces two brain information storage types: experience-expectant, for universal environmental input, and experience-dependent, for unique individual learning. These categories better align with neural mechanisms than previous terms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Developmental Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Experience significantly shapes both developing and mature brains.
    • Existing terminology like "critical period" may not fully capture underlying neural mechanisms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a new categorization scheme for experience-based information storage in the brain.
    • To differentiate storage based on information type and neural mechanisms.

    Main Methods:

    • Conceptual analysis of brain plasticity and information processing.
    • Development of a new classification system for neural storage.

    Main Results:

    • Introduction of "experience-expectant" storage for ubiquitous environmental information (e.g., pattern perception).

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  • Introduction of "experience-dependent" storage for idiosyncratic environmental information (e.g., individual learning).
  • Experience-expectant processes involve synaptic overproduction and selection; experience-dependent processes involve new synapse formation.

    • Conclusions:

    • The proposed categories offer a more neurally-grounded perspective on brain development and learning.
    • This scheme provides a refined framework for understanding how the brain incorporates diverse environmental information.