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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions01:26

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions

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A drug interaction occurs when the concurrent use of another drug, food, or an external substance alters the pharmacological activity of a drug. This interaction can modify the action of the original drug, affecting its effectiveness and safety.Drug–food interactions are significant as they impact drug absorption, metabolism, and excretion. For example, grapefruit juice is a well-known disruptor of drug metabolism. It inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme, crucial for the metabolism of...
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Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions01:25

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions

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Drug interactions occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by another substance, either enhancing or diminishing its activity. The drug whose activity is altered is known as the object drug, and the substance causing the alteration is called the agent drug or the precipitant. The net effects of these interactions are mostly undesirable, leading to decreased effectiveness or increased adverse effects. In rare cases, interactions can be beneficial, such as the enhanced...
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Drug-Receptor Interactions01:29

Drug-Receptor Interactions

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Drug-receptor interaction describes the binding of receptors by drugs, but not all drug-receptor interactions result in activation and tissue response. For instance, the binding of agonists activates the receptor to generate a cellular reaction, while antagonists bind to receptors without causing their activation.
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Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions01:23

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Drug interactions are a critical aspect of pharmacology and can occur when two or more drugs compete for the same binding site. This competition can result in one drug displacing another, altering the effect of the displaced drug. Drug interactions are complex processes that rely heavily on how much of the displacer drug is present and how strongly it can bind to the same sites as the displaced drug.
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Drug-Receptor Interaction: Antagonist01:28

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An antagonist is a drug that binds strongly to a receptor without activating it. An antagonist prevents other molecules, such as neurotransmitters or hormones, from binding to the receptor and triggering a cellular response. Such interaction effectively hinders the normal physiological processes mediated by the receptor, resulting in various pharmacological effects depending on the specific receptor targeted.
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Drug-Receptor Interaction: Agonist01:25

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Agonists are drugs that interact with specific receptors in the body to produce a biological response. When an agonist binds to a receptor, it activates or enhances the receptor's function, leading to physiological effects. The interaction between agonist drugs and receptors is crucial for their therapeutic action in various medical treatments.
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[Drug and food interactions with contraceptives: CNGOF Contraception Guidelines].

M Bernier1, A-P Jonville-Bera2

  • 1Centre régional de pharmacovigilance, hôpital de Cimiez, CHU de Nice, 4, avenue Victoria, BP 1179, 06003 Nice cedex 1, France.

Gynecologie, Obstetrique, Fertilite & Senologie
|November 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Drug interactions can reduce hormonal contraceptive effectiveness, increasing pregnancy risk. Prescribers must consider all new medications for patients using hormonal contraception to prevent unintended pregnancies.

Keywords:
Contraception hormonaleDrug failureDrug interactionHormonal contraceptionInefficacitéInteractionsPharmacologiePharmacology

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Drug Interactions
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • Drug interactions with hormonal contraceptives can lead to unplanned pregnancies.
  • Certain drugs, like antiepileptics, and contraceptive methods, such as implants, pose a higher risk.
  • Patient understanding of all hormonal contraceptive methods is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review all drugs and foods that pose a risk of interaction with hormonal contraceptives.
  • To provide comprehensive information for healthcare professionals and patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of official recommendations from the French Agency for the safety of medicinal products.
  • Comprehensive literature review on drug and food interactions with contraceptives.

Main Results:

  • All hormonal contraceptives are susceptible to drug interactions, most commonly decreasing contraceptive effectiveness.
  • Enzyme-inducing drugs necessitate additional or alternative contraception (barrier or non-hormonal methods).
  • Some drugs can increase ethinylestradiol levels, raising complication risks; hormonal contraceptives can also affect other drug pharmacokinetics (e.g., lamotrigine).

Conclusions:

  • Prescribers must be aware of drug interaction risks with hormonal contraceptives.
  • This knowledge is essential when prescribing new medications to women using hormonal contraception.
  • Proactive management of interactions ensures contraceptive efficacy and prevents unintended pregnancies.