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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

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In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Schemas01:42

Schemas

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A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
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Pseudofracture: An Acute Peripheral Tissue Trauma Model
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Pediatric Trauma Update.

Dane C Paneitz1, Salman Ahmad1

  • 1Dane C. Paneitz, MS3, and Salman Ahmad, MD, FACS, Assistant Professor of Surgery, are in the Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri.

Missouri Medicine
|November 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric trauma causes significant mortality and injuries. This review focuses on recent updates in evaluating and managing traumatic brain injury, solid organ injuries, and coagulopathy in children.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric trauma care
  • Emergency medicine
  • Injury prevention

Background:

  • Trauma is a leading cause of death and nonfatal injuries in children aged 1-19.
  • Significant research is ongoing in traumatic brain injury (TBI), blunt solid organ injuries, imaging, and coagulopathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evaluation and management of pediatric trauma patients.
  • To highlight recent advancements and updates in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies and guidelines.
  • Synthesis of current evidence on pediatric trauma management.

Main Results:

  • Key areas of focus include TBI, solid organ injuries, imaging protocols, and trauma-induced coagulopathy.
  • Recent updates in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of pediatric trauma requires staying abreast of the latest research and guidelines.
  • Continued research is crucial for improving outcomes in pediatric trauma patients.