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Differences in Ocular Complications Between Candida albicans and Non-albicans Candida Infection Analyzed by

Masahiro Abe1,2,3, Yuki Kinjo1,4,5, Keigo Ueno1

  • 1Department of Chemotherapy and Mycoses, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|November 3, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Candida albicans strongly causes ocular candidiasis due to its invasive nature and ability to trigger significant inflammation and immune cell recruitment. This highlights C. albicans as a key pathogen in eye infections.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Mycology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Candida species are common hospital-acquired infections.
  • Ocular candidiasis is a serious complication.
  • Limited understanding of species-specific eye invasion and immune responses exists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency and characteristics of species-specific Candida eye infections.
  • To investigate the role of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Candida parapsilosis in ocular candidiasis.
  • To analyze immune responses in a mouse model of ocular candidiasis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of candidemia patient medical records (2012-2017).
  • Experimental infection of a mouse ocular candidiasis model.
  • Evaluation of fungal burden, cytokine/chemokine profiles, and inflammatory cell infiltration in infected mice.

Main Results:

  • 20 ocular candidiasis cases identified among 99 candidemia patients.
  • Candida albicans, not the most frequent candidemia cause, was significantly linked to ocular candidiasis.
  • C. albicans infection in mice led to higher fungal burden, inflammatory mediators, and neutrophil/monocyte recruitment.

Conclusions:

  • Candida albicans demonstrates a greater propensity for ocular invasion compared to other Candida species.
  • C. albicans infection elicits a more robust inflammatory response, characterized by increased inflammatory mediators and immune cell infiltration.
  • These findings underscore C. albicans as a primary driver of ocular candidiasis.
Keywords:
Candida albicanscandidemiachemokinescytokinesmonocytesneutrophilsocular candidiasis

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