Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Framing Effects03:26

Framing Effects

8.0K
Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
8.0K
Subliminal Perception01:15

Subliminal Perception

788
Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...
788
Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

975
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
975
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

33.3K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
33.3K
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

6.9K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
6.9K
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

17.9K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
17.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Test-retest reliability analysis of resting-state EEG measures and their association with long-term memory in children and adults.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Deep sleep slow wave-spindle coupling is selectively linked to plasma amyloid-β levels in older adults in clinical trials.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

CD45 and CD148 Are Critically Involved in Neutrophil Recruitment and Function During Inflammatory Arthritis in Mice.

Cells·2025
Same author

Forgetting is comparable between healthy young and old people.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

Correlates of implicit semantic processing as revealed by representational similarity analysis applied to EEG.

iScience·2024
Same author

Glutamine modulates neutrophil recruitment and effector functions during sterile inflammation.

Journal of leukocyte biology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

A Preclinical Model of Exertional Heat Stroke in Mice
08:22

A Preclinical Model of Exertional Heat Stroke in Mice

Published on: July 1, 2021

4.4K

Subliminal messages exert long-term effects on decision-making.

Simon Ruch1, Marc Alain Züst1, Katharina Henke1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Switzerland and Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Switzerland.

Neuroscience of Consciousness
|November 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Subliminal messages can influence long-term decisions by binding novel information in memory. This study shows unprecedented evidence of lasting effects on conscious decision-making.

Keywords:
decision-makinghippocampusinformation integrationlong-term memorysubliminalunconscious processing

More Related Videos

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement PMSM, for Investigating Implicit Social Bias
09:03

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement PMSM, for Investigating Implicit Social Bias

Published on: February 29, 2020

6.3K
A Networked Desktop Virtual Reality Setup for Decision Science and Navigation Experiments with Multiple Participants
06:28

A Networked Desktop Virtual Reality Setup for Decision Science and Navigation Experiments with Multiple Participants

Published on: August 26, 2018

6.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

A Preclinical Model of Exertional Heat Stroke in Mice
08:22

A Preclinical Model of Exertional Heat Stroke in Mice

Published on: July 1, 2021

4.4K
Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement PMSM, for Investigating Implicit Social Bias
09:03

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement PMSM, for Investigating Implicit Social Bias

Published on: February 29, 2020

6.3K
A Networked Desktop Virtual Reality Setup for Decision Science and Navigation Experiments with Multiple Participants
06:28

A Networked Desktop Virtual Reality Setup for Decision Science and Navigation Experiments with Multiple Participants

Published on: August 26, 2018

6.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Subliminal manipulation is typically considered transient, with effects decaying rapidly.
  • Previous research indicated long-term subliminal effects only with familiar information.
  • Novel information was thought to be poorly stored subliminally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if subliminal messages with novel, relationally bound information can affect delayed conscious decision-making.
  • To test the hypothesis that subliminal stimulus pairs are processed relationally, influencing future decisions.
  • To explore the longevity of subliminal influences on memory and decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Presented subliminal face-occupation pairs, later assessed income-related decisions.
  • Experiment 2: Used subliminal foreign language vocabulary, tested later translation accuracy judgments.
  • Measured decision outcomes at different delayed intervals (15 vs. 25 minutes).

Main Results:

  • Subliminal face-occupation pairs significantly influenced delayed income-related decisions.
  • Subliminal foreign vocabulary aided later judgments of translation correctness.
  • Subliminal influence showed no significant decay between 15 and 25 minutes post-presentation.

Conclusions:

  • Subliminal messages can have long-lasting effects on conscious, rational decision-making.
  • Relational binding of novel information is key to durable subliminal memory storage.
  • This challenges previous assumptions about the limitations of subliminal perception and memory.