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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Troubleshooting FoCUS Image Acquisition: Patient Positioning, Transducer Manipulation, and Image Optimization
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An optimized imaging protocol for orofacial cleft patients.

Dries De Mulder1, Maria Cadenas de Llano-Pérula1, Guy Willems1

  • 1Department of Oral Health Sciences-Orthodontics, KU Leuven and Dentistry University Hospitals Leuven Belgium.

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research
|November 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study presents an optimized imaging protocol for orofacial cleft (OFC) patients, aiming for international adoption. The protocol standardizes radiological examinations to improve care and radiation hygiene for OFC patients.

Keywords:
cleft lip and palatecone beam computed tomographyimagingorofacial cleftradiological guidelines

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Radiology
  • Craniofacial Surgery

Background:

  • Orofacial cleft (OFC) patients require specialized, standardized imaging protocols for optimal care.
  • Current international guidelines for OFC imaging are lacking, leading to variability in diagnostic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and propose an optimized, evidence-based imaging protocol for orofacial cleft patients.
  • To establish an international recommendation for OFC care programs, enhancing diagnostic consistency and radiation safety.

Main Methods:

  • A multidisciplinary approach combining clinical experience and scientific evidence was used.
  • Expert consensus guided the revision of radiological diagnostic needs and optimization.
  • Effective radiation doses were converted to panoramic equivalents and background radiation for accurate assessment.

Main Results:

  • A tiered imaging protocol was established, including panoramic radiography at age 6 and low-resolution cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) at specific ages (7-9, 10, 15, 20).
  • CBCT scans were tailored for specific needs, such as preoperative planning for alveolar bone grafting and long-term treatment monitoring.
  • Two-dimensional images are reconstructed from 3D CBCT data, providing comprehensive diagnostic information.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed protocol adheres to European guidelines for justification and optimization in radiation hygiene.
  • Implementation of this protocol can serve as an international standard for OFC patient imaging.
  • Standardized imaging is crucial for effective multidisciplinary management of orofacial clefts.