Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 3, 2026
08:12
Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films
Published on: September 8, 2017
10.1K
Synthetic Approaches for Halide Perovskite Thin Films
Wiley A Dunlap-Shohl1, Yuanyuan Zhou2, Nitin P Padture2
1Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States.
Chemical Reviews
|November 3, 2018
Summary
Halide perovskites offer unique processing advantages for optoelectronic devices due to their "soft" material properties. This review details how their chemistry influences film growth, leading to enhanced device performance.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Solid-State Chemistry
- Optoelectronics
Background:
- Halide perovskites are emerging materials for optoelectronic devices like solar cells and LEDs.
- Their unique "soft" properties (low formation energy, high thermal expansion) enable low-temperature processing.
- Understanding material chemistry is key to controlling film formation and device characteristics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review halide perovskite film growth.
- To explore how material chemistry influences processing and film characteristics.
- To connect film properties to high-performance optoelectronic device requirements.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on halide perovskite processing.
- Focus on methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3 or MAPbI3) as a model system.
- Consideration of various halide perovskite compositions and their processing.
Main Results:
- Halide perovskite "softness" allows for facile thin-film fabrication via low-temperature methods.
- Material chemistry directly impacts film growth kinetics and morphology.
- Processing conditions significantly influence resulting film properties relevant to device performance.
Conclusions:
- Exploiting halide perovskite chemistry enables tailored film growth for optoelectronic applications.
- Processing-structure-property relationships are crucial for optimizing device performance.
- Further research into methylammonium lead iodide and related compounds will advance the field.
Related Concept Videos
02:45Alkyl Halides
20.0K
Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
20.0K
02:55Synthetic Biology
5.6K
Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
5.6K
01:12Acid Halides to Esters: Alcoholysis
4.0K
Alcoholysis is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction in which an alcohol functions as a nucleophile. Acid halides react with alcohol to produce esters. The mechanism proceeds in three steps:
4.0K
01:22Mass Spectrometry: Alkyl Halide Fragmentation
1.5K
Chlorine isotopes exist as 35Cl and 37Cl in a 3:1 ratio, while bromine isotopes exist as 79Br and 81Br in a 1:1 ratio. The mass spectrum of alkyl halides typically produces two distinct molecular ion peaks, the molecular ion peak, [M], and the molecular ion plus two, [M + 2] peak. The relative heights of these two peaks are proportional to the isotopic abundance ratios of the halide. For example, 2‐chloropropane and 1‐bromopropane display two peaks with relative peak heights in a 3:1 and...
1.5K
01:01Acid Halides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis
3.6K
Hydrolysis of acid halides is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction in which acid halides react with water to give carboxylic acids. The reaction occurs readily and does not require acid or a base catalyst.
As shown below, the mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack by water at the carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen π bond along with the departure of a halide ion. A final proton transfer step yields carboxylic...
As shown below, the mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack by water at the carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen π bond along with the departure of a halide ion. A final proton transfer step yields carboxylic...
3.6K
01:28Synthetic Disvision of Polynomials
178
Synthetic division is an efficient algorithmic approach for dividing a polynomial by a linear binomial of the form x - c, where c is a real number. This method is helpful due to its streamlined process, which avoids the more cumbersome steps involved in the traditional long division of polynomials. It simplifies computation and serves as a practical tool for evaluating polynomials and identifying their factors.To perform synthetic division, one begins by listing the coefficients of the...
178