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Atypical Kawasaki Disease in a 4 Years Old Child with Mumps

Prakash Banjade1, Kiran Subedi1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.

JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical Association
|November 3, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Incomplete Kawasaki disease can present atypically, especially with concurrent viral illnesses like mumps. Early identification and treatment are crucial to prevent cardiac complications in children with this vasculitis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Kawasaki disease (KD) is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children.
  • Incomplete or atypical Kawasaki disease presents diagnostic challenges, often lacking classic criteria.
  • Concurrent viral infections can mask or mimic symptoms of incomplete KD.

Observation:

  • A 4-year-old child presented with fever and mumps, accompanied by bilateral cervical adenitis.
  • The patient did not respond to intravenous antibiotics, suggesting an alternative diagnosis.
  • These symptoms met the criteria for incomplete Kawasaki disease.

Findings:

  • The child was diagnosed with incomplete Kawasaki disease.
  • Treatment involved high-dose aspirin until the patient remained afebrile for 48 hours.

Implications:

  • Recognizing atypical Kawasaki disease presentations is vital, particularly during viral outbreaks.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management of incomplete KD can mitigate the risk of severe cardiac sequelae.
  • Increased awareness is necessary to prevent missed diagnoses and reduce KD-related mortality.

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