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Area of Science:

  • Experimental physics
  • Cosmology
  • Particle physics

Background:

  • Dark matter constitutes a significant portion of the universe's mass.
  • Axions are hypothetical particles proposed as a dark matter candidate.
  • Detecting axions requires sensitive experimental techniques probing their interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel experimental method for detecting axion dark matter.
  • To achieve high sensitivity in measuring axion-photon coupling.
  • To explore the low-mass range of axion dark matter.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an optical cavity to measure differences in phase velocities between left- and right-handed polarized photons.
  • Employing a double-pass configuration for a null experiment, enhancing common-mode rejection.
  • Measuring the difference in resonant frequencies of a laser beam's circular polarizations.

Main Results:

  • Estimating potential sensitivity to the axion-photon coupling constant (g_{aγ}).
  • Projecting sensitivity in the low-mass range (m≲10^{-15} eV) to g_{aγ}≲3×10^{-16} GeV^{-1}.
  • Achieving sensitivity several orders of magnitude beyond current experimental bounds.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed experiment offers a promising new avenue for axion dark matter detection.
  • The double-pass optical cavity design provides robust rejection of environmental noise.
  • This method has the potential to significantly advance the search for low-mass axion dark matter.