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Conventional Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression: A Step-by-Step Protocol
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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Adolescent Depression.

Paul E Croarkin1, Frank P MacMaster2

  • 1Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|November 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) shows promise for adolescent depression, a significant public health issue. Further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety in young people.

Keywords:
AdolescentBrain stimulationDepressionGABAGlutamateNeuromodulationTMSTranscranial magnetic stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Adolescent depression is a major global health concern with severe consequences.
  • Current treatments for adolescent depression have limitations in efficacy and safety.
  • There is a need for novel, brain-based interventions for this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a potential intervention for adolescent depression.
  • To highlight the need for methodologically sound, neurodevelopmentally informed studies on TMS for adolescents.
  • To investigate the potential of TMS in modulating neurochemical imbalances.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on transcranial magnetic stimulation for adolescent depression.
  • Identification of methodological weaknesses in current research.
  • Emphasis on the need for larger, neurodevelopmentally informed studies.

Main Results:

  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) presents a promising brain-based approach for adolescent depression.
  • Existing studies have methodological limitations requiring further investigation.
  • TMS may influence cortical GABAergic and glutamatergic systems.

Conclusions:

  • Larger, neurodevelopmentally informed studies are crucial to establish the efficacy and safety of TMS for adolescent depression.
  • Future research should focus on optimizing TMS dosing strategies.
  • Biomarker-guided approaches, particularly involving GABAergic and glutamatergic systems, are warranted.