Exercise effects on physiological function during aging
Zsolt Radak1, Ferenc Torma2, Istvan Berkes2
1Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|November 4, 2018
Summary
Regular exercise improves aging by enhancing cellular repair systems, including proteasomes and autophagy. This boosts physical function and health span, counteracting age-related decline.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Exercise Physiology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Aging leads to decline in cognitive/motor functions and physical abilities, impacting daily activities and quality of life.
- Regular exercise is known to ameliorate aging conditions by attenuating age-associated declines in physiological functions.
- The precise molecular mechanisms underlying exercise-induced functional improvements and health span extension remain incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the molecular mechanisms through which regular exercise counteracts age-related functional decline.
- To investigate the impact of exercise on cellular housekeeping systems during aging.
- To understand how exercise contributes to increased health span.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent findings on exercise, aging, and cellular mechanisms.
- Analysis of studies investigating the effects of exercise on proteasome, Lon protease, autophagy, mitophagy, and DNA repair systems.
- Synthesis of evidence regarding exercise's impact on molecular pathways related to aging.
Main Results:
- Exercise training attenuates age-related deterioration in cellular housekeeping systems.
- Key systems positively impacted by exercise include the proteasome, Lon protease, autophagy, mitophagy, and DNA repair.
- These molecular improvements beneficially affect multiple organ functions and overall health span.
Conclusions:
- Exercise lessens the deleterious effects of aging through complex, multifactorial mechanisms.
- Exercise training supports cellular maintenance and repair, crucial for counteracting age-related decline.
- Maintaining homeostatic functions through exercise is vital for promoting health span in the aging population.
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