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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Structures of Solids02:22

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Monitoring Protein Adsorption with Solid-state Nanopores
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Selective detections of single-viruses using solid-state nanopores.

Akihide Arima1, Makusu Tsutsui2, Ilva Hanun Harlisa3

  • 1The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan.

Scientific Reports
|November 4, 2018
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Summary

Early influenza diagnosis using nanopore analytics allows for rapid detection of individual flu viruses. This technology achieves high accuracy, paving the way for advanced point-of-care tests to prevent outbreaks.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biophysics
  • Infectious Disease Diagnostics

Background:

  • Early influenza diagnosis is crucial for preventing severe complications and infectious disease outbreaks.
  • Current diagnostic methods often lack the sensitivity required for detecting the low viral load in early infection stages.
  • Developing highly sensitive and selective sensors is essential for timely flu detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a label-free electrical diagnostic method for influenza using nanopore analytics.
  • To distinguish individual influenza virions based on their unique physical characteristics.
  • To enable rapid, point-of-care detection of various flu types.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized nanopore analytics for label-free electrical detection of single influenza virions.
  • Employed selective resistive-pulse sensing in physiological media, exploiting electroosmotic flow for contaminant filtration at a silicon nitride pore.
  • Analyzed ionic current signatures to classify individual virion patterns.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 68% accuracy in identifying influenza allotypes at the single-virus level through ionic current signature pattern classification.
  • Demonstrated that combining data from over 20 virions, using binomial distribution, increased detection discriminability to over 95%.
  • Showcased the versatility of the mechanism for detecting a broad spectrum of influenza strains.

Conclusions:

  • Nanopore analytics offers a sensitive and selective platform for label-free electrical diagnosis of influenza.
  • The developed method can accurately identify influenza virions at the single-particle level.
  • This technology holds significant potential for developing versatile point-of-care diagnostic tests for influenza.