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Related Concept Videos

Conformity01:20

Conformity

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Conformity is the change in a person’s behavior to go along with the group, even if that person does not agree with the group.
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The arithmetic mean is usually skewed towards the larger values in the data set. Therefore, to avoid this inherent bias towards smaller values, the harmonic mean is used.
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Unlike ethane and propane that have only two major conformations, butane has more than two conformers. The staggered form of butane in which the bulky methyl groups on the two carbons are placed on opposite sides, that is, at a dihedral angle of 180°, is the lowest energy, most stable form — called the anti conformer. This conformation is stabilized due to the absence of steric repulsion between the largely spaced out methyl groups. The other two staggered conformations are...
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Simple harmonic motion is the name given to oscillatory motion for a system where the net force can be described by Hooke's law. If the net force can be described by Hooke's law and there is no damping (by friction or other non-conservative forces), then a simple harmonic oscillator will oscillate with equal displacement on either side of the equilibrium position. To derive an equation for period and frequency, the equation of motion is used. The period of a simple harmonic oscillator is given...
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To determine the energy of a simple harmonic oscillator, consider all the forms of energy it can have during its simple harmonic motion. According to Hooke's Law, the energy stored during the compression/stretching of a string in a simple harmonic oscillator is potential energy. As the simple harmonic oscillator has no dissipative forces, it also possesses kinetic energy. In the presence of conservative forces, both energies can interconvert during oscillation, but the total energy remains...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Second Harmonic Generation Signals in Rabbit Sclera As a Tool for Evaluation of Therapeutic Tissue Cross-linking TXL for Myopia
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Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) for Conformational Measurements: Assay Development, Optimization, and Screening.

Tracy A Young1, Ben Moree1, Margaret T Butko1

  • 1Biodesy, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States.

Methods in Enzymology
|November 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a biophysical tool for sensing biomolecule conformational changes. This chapter guides using the Biodesy Delta platform for robust SHG assay development and screening.

Keywords:
Assay developmentBiomolecular interactionsConformationLigand characterizationMechanism of actionNuisance compoundsScreeningSecond-harmonic generation

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is an emerging biophysical technique.
  • SHG enables conformational sensing of biomolecules upon ligand binding.
  • SHG has been applied to diverse targets including proteins, peptides, and oligonucleotides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a technology overview of SHG for conformational sensing.
  • To detail protocols for optimizing SHG assays and screening.
  • To guide users in developing robust measurements with the Biodesy Delta SHG platform.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Second-harmonic generation (SHG) for conformational analysis.
  • Applying SHG to various biomolecular targets and ligand interactions.
  • Employing the Biodesy Delta SHG platform for assay development and screening.

Main Results:

  • SHG measures conformational changes in response to ligand binding.
  • The technique is applicable across a wide range of biomolecule types and affinities.
  • The Biodesy Delta platform facilitates robust SHG measurements.

Conclusions:

  • SHG is a versatile tool for studying biomolecular conformational dynamics.
  • Detailed protocols and practical considerations enhance SHG assay development.
  • The Biodesy Delta platform empowers researchers with advanced SHG capabilities.