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Published on: July 5, 2022
The association between Type 1 diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases
Kuo-Ting Sun1, Shih-Chueh Chen2, Cheng-Li Lin3
1School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Background/Purpose:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting oral health. Evidence shows possible association between T1DM and periodontal diseases (PDs). We conducted a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan, with a 14-year follow-up to investigate the risk of PDs in T1DM patients.
Methods:
We used data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. The T1DM cohort was identified with newly diagnosed T1DM from 1998 to 2011. The non-T1DM cohort was frequency matched with the T1DM cohort. Participants comprised 4248 patients in the T1DM cohort and 16992 persons in the non-T1DM cohort.
Results:
The T1DM patients showed an increased risk of PDs compared to non-T1DM individuals [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.45]. T1DM patients who visited the emergency room more than twice per year had a higher aHR of 13.0 for developing PDs. The aHR for PDs was 13.2 in the T1DM patients who had been hospitalized more than twice per year.
Conclusion:
T1DM patients are at higher risk of developing PDs than non-T1DM individuals. Our results further showed that the number of T1DM interventions; that is, annual emergency visits and hospitalizations were associated with increased the risk of developing PDs.
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