Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

25.2K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
25.2K
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

5.1K
5.1K
Null and Alternative Hypotheses01:16

Null and Alternative Hypotheses

12.8K
The actual hypothesis testing begins by considering two hypotheses. They are termed  the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. These hypotheses contain opposing viewpoints.
The null hypothesis, denoted by H0 is a statement of no difference between the variables—they are not related. This can often be considered the status quo. As  a result if you cannot accept the null, it requires some action.
The alternative hypothesis, denoted by H1 or Ha, is a claim about the...
12.8K
Electrical Current01:10

Electrical Current

7.2K
Electrical current is defined as the rate at which charge flows. When there is a large current present, such as that used to run a refrigerator, a large amount of charge moves through the wire in a small amount of time. If the current is small, such as that used to operate a handheld calculator, a small amount of charge moves through the circuit over a long period of time. The SI unit for current is the ampere (A), named for the French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).
7.2K
Electric Generator: Alternator01:25

Electric Generator: Alternator

3.4K
Electric generators induce an emf by rotating a coil in a magnetic field. A simple alternator is an AC generator that creates electrical energy that varies sinusoidally with time. A simple alternator consists of a conducting loop that is placed inside a uniform magnetic field. The loop is connected to split rings connected to the external circuit with the help of brushes.
The magnetic flux passing through the coil varies sinusoidally as the loop rotates inside the magnetic field. This...
3.4K
Statistical Methods to Analyze Parametric Data: ANOVA01:12

Statistical Methods to Analyze Parametric Data: ANOVA

1.6K
Analysis of Variance, or ANOVA, is a powerful statistical technique used to analyze parametric data, primarily in research and experimental studies. It's designed to compare the means of two or more groups, assisting researchers in identifying any significant differences between these group means. There are two main types of ANOVA based on the complexity of the analysis: one-way and two-way.
One-way ANOVA is applied when a single independent variable or factor is scrutinized. It compares...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Remote data collection and cognitive task performance in the age of internet bad actors.

Acta psychologica·2026
Same author

Modeled Long-Term Effects of Psilocybin on Dynamic Activity and Effective Connectivity of Fronto-Striatal-Thalamic Circuits.

Human brain mapping·2026
Same author

Mood and Age Predict Cognitive Complaints in Memory Clinic Patients: A Machine-Learning and Linear Modeling Approach.

European journal of neurology·2026
Same author

"Awe-scillations": EEG spectral and complexity representations of awe.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Cross-species mapping of psychedelic gene expression reveals links to the 5HT2A receptor, cortical layers, and human accelerated regions.

Research square·2025
Same author

Dynamic medial parietal and hippocampal deactivations under DMT relate to sympathetic output and altered sense of time, space, and the self.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

The Combination of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Electroencephalogram
06:14

The Combination of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Electroencephalogram

Published on: October 10, 2025

523

Parametric effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation on multitasking performance.

Wan-Yu Hsu1, Theodore P Zanto1, Adam Gazzaley2

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neuroscape, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Brain Stimulation
|November 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Altering transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) phase did not affect multitasking improvements, but changing the inter-session interval (ISI) eliminated positive effects. Stimulation protocol is crucial for cognitive enhancement.

Keywords:
Cognitive enhancementInter-session intervalMultitaskingPhaseThetaTranscranial alternating current stimulation

More Related Videos

Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
11:11

Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: September 23, 2017

9.6K
Simultaneous Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
10:25

Simultaneous Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: June 5, 2017

14.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

The Combination of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Electroencephalogram
06:14

The Combination of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Electroencephalogram

Published on: October 10, 2025

523
Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
11:11

Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: September 23, 2017

9.6K
Simultaneous Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
10:25

Simultaneous Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: June 5, 2017

14.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuromodulation

Background:

  • Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) shows potential for enhancing multitasking.
  • Previous studies indicated positive effects with anti-phase theta band stimulation and short inter-session intervals (ISI).
  • The impact of altering stimulation phase and ISI duration on tACS efficacy remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of tACS stimulation phase and ISI duration in improving multitasking performance.
  • To determine if in-phase or anti-phase stimulation with varying ISIs affects cognitive function.
  • To examine the neurophysiological correlates of tACS effects on multitasking.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments involving repetitive bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) theta-tACS were conducted.
  • Experiment 1 used in-phase stimulation with a 1-min ISI.
  • Experiment 2 used anti-phase stimulation with a 5-min ISI during a multitasking challenge with EEG recording.

Main Results:

  • In-phase stimulation with a 1-min ISI enhanced multitasking performance and modulated posterior alpha and beta activities compared to controls.
  • Anti-phase stimulation with a 5-min ISI did not yield significant improvements in multitasking performance or neural activity.
  • The positive effects of tACS on multitasking were sensitive to the inter-session interval (ISI) duration.

Conclusions:

  • The phase of theta-band tACS does not appear to be a critical factor for multitasking enhancement.
  • Modifying the inter-session interval (ISI) from 1-min to 5-min abolished previously observed performance benefits.
  • These findings highlight the critical importance of the tACS stimulation protocol, particularly ISI, for achieving positive effects on cognitive functions and neural oscillations.